1 Chronicles 23:1

When David was old and full of years, he installed his son Solomon as king over Israel.

Study Bible

When David was old and full of years
This phrase marks a significant transition in the narrative of Israel's history. The Hebrew word for "old" is "זָקֵן" (zaqen), which not only refers to age but also implies wisdom and experience. David, having lived a life full of triumphs and trials, embodies the culmination of a divinely guided journey. The phrase "full of years" suggests a life that has reached its God-ordained completion, echoing the biblical theme that a righteous life is one that fulfills God's purposes. This moment is a reminder of the natural progression of leadership and the importance of preparing the next generation.

he made his son Solomon king
The act of making Solomon king is a deliberate and divinely inspired decision. The Hebrew verb "מָלַךְ" (malak) means to reign or to make someone king, indicating a formal and authoritative transfer of power. David's choice of Solomon, despite having other sons, underscores the fulfillment of God's promise and plan. Solomon's name, derived from "שָׁלוֹם" (shalom), meaning peace, signifies the hope for a reign characterized by peace and prosperity, contrasting with David's era of warfare. This decision reflects David's obedience to God's will, as Solomon was chosen by God to build the temple (1 Chronicles 22:9-10).

over Israel
The phrase "over Israel" emphasizes the unity and continuity of the nation under God's covenant. The Hebrew term "יִשְׂרָאֵל" (Yisrael) is not just a geographical or political entity but represents the people chosen by God. David's reign had unified the tribes, and Solomon's kingship is intended to maintain and strengthen this unity. This transition is crucial for the stability and spiritual direction of the nation, as Israel's identity is deeply rooted in its relationship with God. The phrase serves as a reminder of the divine oversight and purpose for Israel, as well as the responsibility of its leaders to uphold God's statutes and lead the people in righteousness.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The second king of Israel, known for his heart for God and his leadership. At this point, he is described as "old and full of years," indicating the end of his reign and life.

2. Solomon
The son of David and Bathsheba, chosen by David to succeed him as king. Solomon is known for his wisdom and for building the Temple in Jerusalem.

3. Israel
The united kingdom of the twelve tribes, over which David reigned and Solomon would succeed him as king.

4. Transition of Kingship
This event marks the transition of leadership from David to Solomon, a significant moment in Israel's history as it sets the stage for Solomon's reign and the building of the Temple.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Godly Succession
David's decision to appoint Solomon as king reflects the importance of preparing the next generation for leadership. In our lives, we should consider how we are equipping others to carry on God's work.

Recognizing God's Timing
David's action when he was "old and full of years" shows an understanding of God's timing. We should seek to discern and act according to God's timing in our own lives.

Legacy of Faithfulness
David's life, despite its imperfections, left a legacy that paved the way for Solomon's reign. Our lives should aim to leave a legacy of faithfulness and obedience to God.

Wisdom in Leadership
Solomon's reign is marked by wisdom, a trait that David likely encouraged. In our roles, whether in family, work, or community, we should seek God's wisdom to lead effectively.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does David's decision to appoint Solomon as king reflect his understanding of God's promises to him? (Consider 2 Samuel 7)

2. In what ways can we prepare the next generation to take on leadership roles in our families, churches, and communities?

3. How can we discern God's timing in making significant decisions in our lives, as David did in appointing Solomon?

4. What legacy are you building in your life that will impact future generations, and how can you ensure it aligns with God's will?

5. How can we cultivate wisdom in our leadership roles, and what steps can we take to seek God's guidance in our decisions?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Kings 1-2
These chapters provide a detailed account of the events surrounding Solomon's anointing as king, including the challenges and political maneuvers involved.

2 Samuel 7
God's covenant with David, promising that his offspring would establish a kingdom, is fulfilled in Solomon's ascension to the throne.

Proverbs 4:3-4
Solomon reflects on the teachings of his father David, highlighting the importance of wisdom and understanding, which David imparted to him.