Psalm 95:10
For forty years I was angry with that generation, and I said, "They are a people whose hearts go astray, and they have not known My ways."
For forty years
This phrase refers to the period of Israel's wandering in the wilderness after their exodus from Egypt. The number forty in the Bible often symbolizes a period of testing, trial, or probation. In this context, it highlights the prolonged duration of Israel's disobedience and God's patience. The historical backdrop is the Israelites' journey from Egypt to the Promised Land, a journey that should have taken weeks but extended to forty years due to their lack of faith and rebellion against God.

I was angry
The Hebrew root for "angry" here is "קָטַף" (qāṭap), which conveys a sense of intense displeasure or indignation. This divine anger is not capricious but is a righteous response to the persistent unbelief and rebellion of the Israelites. It underscores God's holiness and justice, reminding us that while God is patient, He is also a God who holds His people accountable.

with that generation
This phrase specifies the particular group of Israelites who left Egypt but failed to enter the Promised Land due to their unbelief. It serves as a solemn reminder of the consequences of disobedience and lack of faith. Historically, this generation witnessed God's miraculous works yet repeatedly doubted His power and promises. The term "generation" here is not just a reference to a group of people but to a mindset and attitude that was prevalent among them.

and I said, ‘They are a people whose hearts go astray
The heart, in Hebrew thought, is the center of one's being, encompassing mind, will, and emotions. The phrase "go astray" suggests a deviation from the path of righteousness and truth. This highlights the spiritual condition of the Israelites, who, despite witnessing God's faithfulness, allowed their hearts to wander from Him. It serves as a warning to guard our hearts and remain steadfast in faith.

and they have not known My ways.’
To "know" in the Hebrew context (יָדַע, yādaʿ) implies an intimate, experiential understanding, not just intellectual awareness. The Israelites' failure to "know" God's ways indicates a lack of relationship and obedience. Despite God's clear revelation of His character and will, they chose their own path. This serves as a cautionary tale for believers to seek a deep, personal relationship with God, characterized by obedience and trust in His ways.

Persons / Places / Events
1. God
The speaker in this verse, expressing His displeasure with the Israelites.

2. The Israelites
The generation that wandered in the wilderness for forty years due to their disobedience and lack of faith.

3. The Wilderness
The place where the Israelites wandered for forty years as a consequence of their rebellion against God.

4. Moses
The leader of the Israelites during their exodus from Egypt and their time in the wilderness.

5. The Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites were unable to enter due to their disobedience.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Disobedience
The Israelites' forty-year journey in the wilderness serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of disobedience and lack of faith in God.

The Importance of Knowing God's Ways
Understanding and following God's ways is crucial for a faithful walk with Him. The Israelites' failure to do so led to their downfall.

Guarding Our Hearts
Just as the Israelites' hearts went astray, we must be vigilant in guarding our hearts against unbelief and rebellion.

Learning from the Past
The history of the Israelites is recorded for our instruction. We should learn from their mistakes to avoid similar pitfalls in our spiritual journey.

The Patience and Justice of God
God's patience is evident in His dealings with the Israelites, yet His justice required consequences for their persistent disobedience.
Bible Study Questions
1. What specific actions or attitudes led to God's anger with the Israelites, and how can we avoid these in our own lives?

2. How does the concept of "going astray" apply to modern-day believers, and what steps can we take to ensure our hearts remain aligned with God's ways?

3. In what ways can we "know God's ways" more deeply, and how does this knowledge impact our daily decisions and actions?

4. Reflect on a time when you experienced a "wilderness" period in your life. How did this time test your faith, and what did you learn from it?

5. How can the lessons from Psalm 95:10 and its related scriptures encourage us to persevere in faith and obedience today?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Hebrews 3:7-11
This passage in the New Testament references Psalm 95, warning believers not to harden their hearts as the Israelites did.

Numbers 14:22-23
Describes the specific events that led to God's anger, including the Israelites' refusal to trust Him despite witnessing His miracles.

Exodus 17:7
Details the Israelites' testing of God at Massah and Meribah, which contributed to their forty years in the wilderness.

Deuteronomy 8:2
Reflects on the purpose of the wilderness experience as a test of faith and obedience.
Christ the Rock of Our SalvationJ. W. Hardman, LL.D.Psalm 95:1-11
Inciting One Another to Praise GodPsalm 95:1-11
Praise the Outcome of Divine InfluencePsalm 95:1-11
PsalmodyJ. W. Reeve, M.A.Psalm 95:1-11
Public Worship - its Necessity and AdvantageC. Short Psalm 95:1-11
The Genesis of PraiseW. G. Horder.Psalm 95:1-11
The Grandest of Creature ServicesHomilistPsalm 95:1-11
The Invitatory PsalmS. Conway Psalm 95:1-11
The VeniteD. Laing, M.A.Psalm 95:1-11
Israel's Provocation Against GodSketches of Four Hundred SermonsPsalm 95:10-11
People
Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Angry, Astray, Err, Erring, Errs, Forty, Generation, Grieved, Heart, Hearts, Loathed, Regard, Wearied, Weary
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 95:10

     1654   numbers, 11-99
     6021   sin, nature of
     6231   rejection of God
     8168   way, the

Psalm 95:7-11

     5048   opportunities, and salvation
     6185   imagination, desires
     6223   rebellion, of Israel
     7223   exodus, significance
     8126   guidance, need for
     8743   faithlessness, nature of

Psalm 95:8-11

     8836   unbelief, response

Psalm 95:10-11

     1210   God, human descriptions
     5431   oaths, divine
     7429   Sabbath, in OT

Library
Covenanting According to the Purposes of God.
Since every revealed purpose of God, implying that obedience to his law will be given, is a demand of that obedience, the announcement of his Covenant, as in his sovereignty decreed, claims, not less effectively than an explicit law, the fulfilment of its duties. A representation of a system of things pre-determined in order that the obligations of the Covenant might be discharged; various exhibitions of the Covenant as ordained; and a description of the children of the Covenant as predestinated
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

O Come, Loud Anthems Let us Sing
[1180]Park Street: Frederick M. A. Venua, c. 1810 Psalm 95 Tate and Brady, 1698; Alt. DOXOLOGY O come, loud anthems let us sing, Loud thanks to our almighty King, And high our grateful voices raise, As our Salvation's Rock we praise. Into his presence let us haste To thank him for his favors past; To him address, in joyful songs, The praise that to his Name belongs. For God the Lord, enthroned in state, Is with unrivaled glory great; The depths of earth are in his hand, Her secret wealth at his
Various—The Hymnal of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the USA

Weighed, and Found Wanting
'And all the congregation lifted up their voice, and cried; and the people wept that night. 2. And all the children of Israel murmured against Moses and against Aaron; and the whole congregation said unto them, Would God that we had died in the land of Egypt! or would God we had died in this wilderness! 3. And wherefore hath the Lord brought us unto this land, to fall by the sword, that our wives and our children should be a prey? were it not better for us to return into Egypt? 4. And they said one
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Covenanting a Duty.
The exercise of Covenanting with God is enjoined by Him as the Supreme Moral Governor of all. That his Covenant should be acceded to, by men in every age and condition, is ordained as a law, sanctioned by his high authority,--recorded in his law of perpetual moral obligation on men, as a statute decreed by him, and in virtue of his underived sovereignty, promulgated by his command. "He hath commanded his covenant for ever."[171] The exercise is inculcated according to the will of God, as King and
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Temporary Hardening.
"Lord, why hast Thou hardened our heart? "--Isa. lxiii. 17. That there is a hardening of heart which culminates in the sin against the Holy Spirit can not be denied. When dealing with spiritual things we must take account of it; for it is one of the most fearful instruments of the divine wrath. For, whether we say that Satan or David or the Lord tempted the king, it amounts to the same thing. The cause is always in man's sin; and in each of these three cases the destructive fatality whereby sin poisons
Abraham Kuyper—The Work of the Holy Spirit

Epistle xxxi. To Phocas, Emperor .
To Phocas, Emperor [218] . Gregory to Phocas Augustus. Glory to God in the highest who, according as it is written, changes times, and transfers kingdoms, seeing that He has made apparent to all what He vouchsafed to speak by His prophet, That the most High ruleth in the kingdom of men, and giveth it to whomsoever he will (Dan. iv. 17). For in the incomprehensible dispensation of Almighty God there are alternate controlments of mortal life; and sometimes, when the sins of many are to be smitten,
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Fundamental Oneness of the Dispensations.
Hebrews iii. i-iv. 13 (R.V.). "Wherefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High-priest of our confession, even Jesus; who was faithful to Him that appointed Him as also was Moses in all his house. For He hath been counted worthy of more glory than Moses, by so much as he that built the house hath more honour than the house. For every house is builded by some one; but He that built all things is God. And Moses indeed was faithful in all his house as a servant,
Thomas Charles Edwards—The Expositor's Bible: The Epistle to the Hebrews

Twentieth Sunday after Trinity the Careful Walk of the Christian.
Text: Ephesians 5, 15-21. 15 Look therefore carefully how ye walk [See then that ye walk circumspectly], not as unwise, but as wise; 16 redeeming the time, because the days are evil. 17 Wherefore be ye not foolish, but understand what the will of the Lord is. 18 And be not drunken with wine, wherein is riot, but be filled with the Spirit; 19 speaking one to another in psalms and hymns and spiritual songs, singing and making melody with your heart to the Lord; 20 giving thanks always for all things
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

The Shepherd and the Fold
... Thou hast guided them in Thy strength unto Thy holy habitation.' EXODUS XV. 13. What a grand triumphal ode! The picture of Moses and the children of Israel singing, and Miriam and the women answering: a gush of national pride and of worship! We belong to a better time, but still we can feel its grandeur. The deliverance has made the singer look forward to the end, and his confidence in the issue is confirmed. I. The guiding God: or the picture of the leading. The original is 'lead gently.' Cf.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Arguments Usually Alleged in Support of Free Will Refuted.
1. Absurd fictions of opponents first refuted, and then certain passages of Scripture explained. Answer by a negative. Confirmation of the answer. 2. Another absurdity of Aristotle and Pelagius. Answer by a distinction. Answer fortified by passages from Augustine, and supported by the authority of an Apostle. 3. Third absurdity borrowed from the words of Chrysostom. Answer by a negative. 4. Fourth absurdity urged of old by the Pelagians. Answer from the works of Augustine. Illustrated by the testimony
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Covenanting a Privilege of Believers.
Whatever attainment is made by any as distinguished from the wicked, or whatever gracious benefit is enjoyed, is a spiritual privilege. Adoption into the family of God is of this character. "He came unto his own, and his own received him not. But as many as received him, to them gave he power (margin, or, the right; or, privilege) to become the sons of God, even to them that believe on his name."[617] And every co-ordinate benefit is essentially so likewise. The evidence besides, that Covenanting
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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