Psalm 83:13
Make them like tumbleweed, O my God, like chaff before the wind.
Make them like tumbleweed
The phrase "Make them like tumbleweed" invokes a vivid image of something that is rootless, aimless, and driven by the wind. In the Hebrew text, the word translated as "tumbleweed" is "galgal," which can also mean a rolling thing or a wheel. This imagery suggests a state of instability and lack of foundation. Historically, tumbleweeds are known for their ability to be easily blown about, symbolizing the transient and fleeting nature of those who oppose God's will. In a spiritual context, this phrase can be seen as a prayer for the enemies of God to become ineffective and scattered, unable to stand firm against the divine purpose.

O my God
The invocation "O my God" is a direct appeal to the personal and covenantal relationship between the psalmist and the Almighty. The Hebrew word for God here is "Elohim," a plural form that denotes majesty and power. This phrase underscores the psalmist's reliance on God's sovereignty and strength. It is a reminder of the intimate connection believers have with God, who is both transcendent and immanent, capable of intervening in the affairs of humanity.

like chaff before the wind
The comparison "like chaff before the wind" further emphasizes the theme of impermanence and powerlessness. Chaff, the husks separated from grain during threshing, is lightweight and easily carried away by the wind. In the Hebrew context, "chaff" (Hebrew: "mots") is often used metaphorically to describe the wicked or those who are not grounded in righteousness. This imagery is consistent with other scriptural references, such as in Psalm 1:4, where the wicked are likened to chaff driven away by the wind. It serves as a powerful reminder of the ultimate futility of opposing God's will and the inevitable triumph of His justice.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Asaph
The author of Psalm 83, Asaph was a prominent Levite singer and seer in David's court. He is known for his role in leading worship and composing psalms.

2. Israel
The nation of Israel is the primary focus of this psalm, as it calls upon God to protect His people from their enemies.

3. Enemies of Israel
The psalm is a plea for God to act against the nations conspiring against Israel. These enemies are metaphorically described as tumbleweed and chaff.

4. God
The psalmist calls upon God to intervene and protect His people, demonstrating His power and sovereignty.

5. Tumbleweed and Chaff
These are metaphors used to describe the enemies of Israel, symbolizing their instability and insignificance when faced with God's power.
Teaching Points
The Power of God Over Nations
God's sovereignty is supreme, and He can reduce powerful nations to insignificance, like tumbleweed or chaff. Believers can trust in God's ultimate control over world events.

The Transience of Human Opposition
Human plans and opposition against God are ultimately futile. Like chaff, they are temporary and will be swept away by God's purposes.

Prayer for Divine Intervention
Just as Asaph prayed for God's intervention, believers are encouraged to bring their concerns to God, trusting in His ability to act on behalf of His people.

Metaphors of Judgment
The imagery of tumbleweed and chaff serves as a reminder of the reality of divine judgment. It calls believers to live in alignment with God's will, avoiding the fate of those who oppose Him.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of tumbleweed and chaff in Psalm 83:13 help us understand the nature of God's judgment?

2. In what ways can we see the sovereignty of God at work in the world today, similar to the plea in Psalm 83?

3. How can the metaphor of chaff be applied to our personal lives in terms of spiritual growth and maturity?

4. What are some practical ways we can pray for God's intervention in the face of opposition, as modeled by Asaph in this psalm?

5. How do the connections to other scriptures, such as Isaiah 17:13 and Matthew 3:12, enhance our understanding of God's justice and mercy?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Isaiah 17:13
This verse also uses the imagery of chaff before the wind to describe the fate of nations that oppose God, reinforcing the idea of divine judgment and the futility of opposing God's will.

Job 21:18
Job speaks of the wicked being like straw before the wind, which parallels the imagery in Psalm 83:13, emphasizing the transient nature of those who oppose God.

Matthew 3:12
John the Baptist uses the imagery of chaff being burned to describe the coming judgment, connecting the Old Testament imagery to New Testament teachings on divine justice.
The Figure of the Rolling ThingR. Tuck Psalm 83:13
An Appeal to HeavenHomilistPsalm 83:1-18
Mental Tendencies in Relation to GodHomilistPsalm 83:1-18
Soul SpoilersS. Conway Psalm 83:1-18
What God is to His PeopleC. Short Psalm 83:1-18
People
Amalek, Asaph, Hagarites, Hagrites, Ishmaelites, Jabin, Korah, Midianites, Oreb, Psalmist, Sisera, Zalmunna, Zebah, Zeeb
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Chaff, Dry, Dust, O, Rolling, Stems, Stubble, Tumbleweed, Wheel, Whirling, Wind
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 83:9-18

     5029   knowledge, of God

Psalm 83:13-15

     4426   chaff

Library
Period ii. The Church from the Permanent Division of the Empire Until the Collapse of the Western Empire and the First Schism Between the East and the West, or Until About A. D. 500
In the second period of the history of the Church under the Christian Empire, the Church, although existing in two divisions of the Empire and experiencing very different political fortunes, may still be regarded as forming a whole. The theological controversies distracting the Church, although different in the two halves of the Graeco-Roman world, were felt to some extent in both divisions of the Empire and not merely in the one in which they were principally fought out; and in the condemnation
Joseph Cullen Ayer Jr., Ph.D.—A Source Book for Ancient Church History

Question Lxxxi of the virtue of Religion
I. Does the Virtue of Religion Direct a Man To God Alone? S. Augustine, sermon, cccxxxiv. 3 " on Psalm lxxvi. 32 sermon, cccxi. 14-15 II. Is Religion a Virtue? III. Is Religion One Virtue? IV. Is Religion a Special Virtue Distinct From Others? V. Is Religion One of the Theological Virtues? VI. Is Religion To Be Preferred To the Other Moral Virtues? VII. Has Religion, Or Latria, Any External Acts? S. Augustine, of Care for the Dead, V. VIII. Is Religion the Same As Sanctity? Cardinal Cajetan,
St. Thomas Aquinas—On Prayer and The Contemplative Life

Epistle xxxii. To Anastasius, Presbyter .
To Anastasius, Presbyter [1714] . Gregory to Anastasius, &c. That a good man out of the good treasure of his heart bringeth forth good things (Matth. xii. 35; Luke vi. 45), this thy Charity has shewn, both in thy habitual life and lately also in thy epistle; wherein I find two persons at issue with regard to virtues; that is to say, thyself contending for charity, and another for fear and humility. And, though occupied with many things, though ignorant of the Greek language, I have nevertheless sat
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

Being Made Archbishop of Armagh, He Suffers Many Troubles. Peace Being Made, from Being Archbishop of Armagh He Becomes Bishop of Down.
[Sidenote: 1129] 19. (12). Meanwhile[365] it happened that Archbishop Cellach[366] fell sick: he it was who ordained Malachy deacon, presbyter and bishop: and knowing that he was dying he made a sort of testament[367] to the effect that Malachy ought to succeed him,[368] because none seemed worthier to be bishop of the first see. This he gave in charge to those who were present, this he commanded to the absent, this to the two kings of Munster[369] and to the magnates of the land he specially enjoined
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Epistle cxxi. To Leander, Bishop of Hispalis (Seville).
To Leander, Bishop of Hispalis (Seville). Gregory to Leander, Bishop of Spain. I have the epistle of thy Holiness, written with the pen of charity alone. For what the tongue transferred to the paper had got its tincture from the heart. Good and wise men were present when it was read, and at once their bowels were stirred with emotion. Everyone began to seize thee in his heart with the hand of love, for that in that epistle the sweetness of thy disposition was not to be heard, but seen. All severally
Saint Gregory the Great—the Epistles of Saint Gregory the Great

The Third Commandment
Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain: For the Lord will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain.' Exod 20: 7. This commandment has two parts: 1. A negative expressed, that we must not take God's name in vain; that is, cast any reflections and dishonour on his name. 2. An affirmative implied. That we should take care to reverence and honour his name. Of this latter I shall speak more fully, under the first petition in the Lord's Prayer, Hallowed be thy name.' I shall
Thomas Watson—The Ten Commandments

Question Lxxxiii of Prayer
I. Is Prayer an Act of the Appetitive Powers? Cardinal Cajetan, On Prayer based on Friendship II. Is it Fitting to Pray? Cardinal Cajetan, On Prayer as a True Cause S. Augustine, On the Sermon on the Mount, II. iii. 14 " On the Gift of Perseverance, vii. 15 III. Is Prayer an Act of the Virtue of Religion? Cardinal Cajetan, On the Humility of Prayer S. Augustine, On Psalm cii. 10 " Of the Gift of Perseverance, xvi. 39 IV. Ought We to Pray to God Alone? S. Augustine, Sermon, cxxvii. 2 V.
St. Thomas Aquinas—On Prayer and The Contemplative Life

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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