Psalm 105:36
Then He struck all the firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigor.
Then He struck all the firstborn in their land, the firstfruits of all their vigor
Then He struck
This phrase indicates a decisive action by God, demonstrating His sovereignty and power. The Hebrew root for "struck" is נָכָה (nakah), which means to smite or to inflict a blow. This action is a direct intervention by God, emphasizing His role as the ultimate judge and deliverer of His people. Historically, this refers to the tenth plague in Egypt, where God executed judgment on the Egyptians for their oppression of the Israelites. It serves as a reminder of God's ability to protect and deliver His people from their enemies.

all the firstborn
The term "firstborn" (בְּכוֹר, bekhor) holds significant importance in biblical times, representing the strength and future of a family line. In the context of ancient Near Eastern culture, the firstborn son held a place of privilege and responsibility. By striking the firstborn, God was not only executing judgment but also dismantling the future and hope of the Egyptian nation. This act underscores the seriousness of opposing God's will and the protection He offers to those who are faithful to Him.

in their land
This phrase situates the event geographically, emphasizing that the judgment was specific to the Egyptians and their territory. The land of Egypt, known for its power and influence, was the stage for God's mighty acts. The specificity of "their land" highlights the targeted nature of God's judgment, distinguishing between the Egyptians and the Israelites, who were spared from this plague. It serves as a testament to God's ability to control and influence the affairs of nations.

the firstfruits of all their vigor
The "firstfruits" (רֵאשִׁית, re'shith) symbolize the best and most valued portion of one's produce or offspring. In an agrarian society, the firstfruits were offered to God as a sign of gratitude and acknowledgment of His provision. Here, the firstfruits of Egypt's "vigor" (אוֹן, own), meaning strength or might, were taken by God, signifying the depletion of their power and vitality. This act serves as a powerful reminder of the futility of relying on human strength against the divine will. It also foreshadows the concept of offering one's best to God, as seen in the sacrificial system and ultimately fulfilled in Christ, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep (1 Corinthians 15:20).

Persons / Places / Events
1. God (Yahweh)
The sovereign Lord who executes judgment and delivers His people.

2. Egypt
The land where the Israelites were enslaved and where God demonstrated His power through plagues.

3. Firstborn of Egypt
The firstborn sons of the Egyptians, representing the culmination of God's plagues against Egypt.

4. Israelites
God's chosen people, who were enslaved in Egypt and later delivered by God's mighty acts.

5. Plagues of Egypt
A series of divine judgments, including the death of the firstborn, that God sent upon Egypt to compel Pharaoh to release the Israelites.
Teaching Points
God's Sovereignty and Justice
God's actions in Egypt demonstrate His ultimate authority and justice. He is sovereign over all nations and peoples, executing His will for His purposes.

The Significance of the Firstborn
The firstborn in ancient cultures represented strength and future hope. God's judgment on Egypt's firstborn underscores the seriousness of sin and rebellion against Him.

Deliverance and Redemption
The striking of the firstborn was a pivotal moment leading to Israel's deliverance. It foreshadows the ultimate redemption through Christ, the firstborn over all creation.

Faith and Obedience
The Israelites' obedience in marking their doorposts with lamb's blood during Passover was an act of faith. Believers today are called to trust and obey God's instructions for salvation.

God's Faithfulness to His Promises
This event is a reminder of God's faithfulness to His covenant promises. He delivered Israel as He had promised to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the event of God striking the firstborn in Egypt demonstrate His sovereignty and justice?

2. In what ways does the concept of the firstborn in this passage connect to the New Testament understanding of Jesus as the "firstborn"?

3. How can the faith and obedience of the Israelites during the Passover serve as a model for our own faith journey?

4. What are some modern-day "Egypts" or areas of bondage from which God is calling us to seek deliverance?

5. How does understanding God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel encourage us in our personal walk with Him today?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 12
This chapter provides the detailed account of the Passover and the final plague, where God struck down the firstborn of Egypt, leading to the Israelites' liberation.

Numbers 3
Discusses the consecration of the Levites in place of the firstborn of Israel, highlighting the significance of the firstborn in God's covenant.

Hebrews 11
References the faith of Moses and the Israelites during the Passover, emphasizing the importance of faith in God's deliverance.
He Watching Over Israel Slumbers not nor SleepsS. Conway Psalm 105:1-45
People
Aaron, Ham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Psalmist
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Chief, Child, Death, Family, Firstborn, First-born, First-fruit, Firstfruits, First-fruits, Fruits, Issue, Manhood, Smiteth, Smote, Strength, Struck, Vigor, Vigour
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 105:36

     4442   firstfruits
     5688   firstborn

Psalm 105:1-45

     8352   thankfulness

Psalm 105:23-38

     1315   God, as redeemer

Psalm 105:26-36

     4843   plague

Psalm 105:26-38

     7222   exodus, events of

Psalm 105:26-45

     7223   exodus, significance

Library
August 14. "Touch not Mine Anointed, and do My Prophets no Harm" (Ps. Cv. 15).
"Touch not Mine anointed, and do My prophets no harm" (Ps. cv. 15). I would rather play with the forked lightning, or take in my hands living wires, with their fiery current, than speak a reckless word against any servant of Christ, or idly repeat the slanderous darts which thousands of Christians are hurling on others, to the hurt of their own souls and bodies. You may often wonder, perhaps, why your sickness is not healed, your spirit filled with the joy of the Holy Ghost, or your life blessed
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

March 17. "He Hath Remembered his Covenant Forever" (Ps. Cv. 8).
"He hath remembered His covenant forever" (Ps. cv. 8). So long as you struggle under law, that is by your own effort, sin shall have dominion over you: but the moment you step from under the shadow of Sinai, throw yourself upon the simple grace of Christ and His free and absolute gift of righteousness, and take Him to be to you what He has pledged Himself to be, your righteousness of thought and feeling, and to keep you in spite of everything, that ever can be against you, in His perfect will and
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

God's Promises Tests
Until the time that his word came, the word of the Lord tried him.' --PSALM cv. 19. I do not think I shall be mistaken if I affirm that these words do not convey any very clear idea to most readers. They were spoken with reference to Joseph, during the period of his imprisonment. For the understanding of them I think we must observe that there is a contrast drawn between two 'words,' 'his' (i.e. Joseph's) and God's. If we lay firm hold of that clue, I think it will lead us into clear daylight,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Inviolable Messiahs and Prophets
'He reproved kings for their sakes; 15. Saying, Touch not Mine anointed, and do My prophets no harm.'--PSALM cv. 14, 15. The original reference of these words is to the fathers of the Jewish people--the three wandering shepherds, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. The Psalmist transfers to them the great titles which properly belong to a later period of Jewish history. None of the three were ever in the literal sense of the word 'anointed,' but all the three had what anointing symbolised. None of them were
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

A Stanza of Deliverance
"He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes."--Psalm 105:37. THIS verse has been making music in my heart for several days, and at times it has even claimed utterance from my tongue. I have caught myself singing a solo, with myself as the only hearer; and this has been the theme, "He brought them forth also with silver and gold: and there was not one feeble person among their tribes." I love texts which sing to me, and make me join in their
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 38: 1892

A Letter from Origen to Africanus.
Origen to Africanus, a beloved brother in God the Father, through Jesus Christ, His holy Child, greeting. Your letter, from which I learn what you think of the Susanna in the Book of Daniel, which is used in the Churches, although apparently somewhat short, presents in its few words many problems, each of which demands no common treatment, but such as oversteps the character of a letter, and reaches the limits of a discourse. [3028] And I, when I consider, as best I can, the measure of my intellect,
Origen—Origen's Letters

The King Hath Brought Me into his Store-Chambers; we Will Exult and be Glad in Thee, Remembering Thy Breasts Better than Wine; the Upright Love Thee.
The soul has no sooner manifested her desire to pass by all creatures that it may run to Him, than, to recompense her for a love already somewhat purified, He causes her to enter into his divine store-chambers. This is a greater grace than any she has hitherto received, for it is a transient union in the powers. When the heart of a man displays sufficient fidelity to be willing to dispense with all the gifts of God that it may reach God himself, He takes pleasure in showering upon it a profusion
Madame Guyon—Song of Songs of Solomon

Joseph, the Prime Minister
'And Pharaoh said unto his servants, Can we find such a one as this is, a man in whom the Spirit of God is? And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, Forasmuch as God hath shewed thee all this, there is none so discreet and wise as thou art: Thou shalt be over my house, and according unto thy word shall all my people be ruled: only in the throne will I be greater than thou. And Pharaoh said unto Joseph, See, I have set thee over all the land of Egypt. And Pharaoh took off his ring from his hand, and put it upon
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Exodus
The land of Egypt is a picture of the house of bondage into which all God's covenant people will, sooner or later, be brought on account of their sin. All those whom God means to give an inheritance in Canaan, he will first take down into Egypt. Even Jesus Christ himself went into Egypt before he appeared publicly as a teacher before the world, that in his instance, as well as in that of every Christian, the prophecy might be fulfilled--"Out of Egypt have I called my Son." Every one who enjoys the
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 2: 1856

How God Works in the Hearts of Men.
1. Connection of this chapter with the preceding. Augustine's similitude of a good and bad rider. Question answered in respect to the devil. 2. Question answered in respect to God and man. Example from the history of Job. The works of God distinguished from the works of Satan and wicked men. 1. By the design or end of acting. How Satan acts in the reprobate. 2. How God acts in them. 3. Old Objection, that the agency of God in such cases is referable to prescience or permission, not actual operation.
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Thankfulness for Mercies Received, a Necessary Duty
Numberless marks does man bear in his soul, that he is fallen and estranged from God; but nothing gives a greater proof thereof, than that backwardness, which every one finds within himself, to the duty of praise and thanksgiving. When God placed the first man in paradise, his soul no doubt was so filled with a sense of the riches of the divine love, that he was continually employing that breath of life, which the Almighty had not long before breathed into him, in blessing and magnifying that all-bountiful,
George Whitefield—Selected Sermons of George Whitefield

A Challenge and a Shield
"Who is he that condemneth? It is Christ that died."--Romans 8:34. Here are two very wonderful challenges thrown out by the apostle Paul. First, he boldly defies anyone to charge the chosen of God with sin: "Who shall lay any thing to the charge of God's elect?" and then, even if any charges should be brought against them, he defies all our foes to secure an adverse verdict: "Who is he that condemneth?" This would be a very bold challenge even for a man who had been righteous from his youth up. If
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 38: 1892

Manner of Covenanting.
Previous to an examination of the manner of engaging in the exercise of Covenanting, the consideration of God's procedure towards his people while performing the service seems to claim regard. Of the manner in which the great Supreme as God acts, as well as of Himself, our knowledge is limited. Yet though even of the effects on creatures of His doings we know little, we have reason to rejoice that, in His word He has informed us, and in His providence illustrated by that word, he has given us to
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Covenant Duties.
It is here proposed to show, that every incumbent duty ought, in suitable circumstances, to be engaged to in the exercise of Covenanting. The law and covenant of God are co-extensive; and what is enjoined in the one is confirmed in the other. The proposals of that Covenant include its promises and its duties. The former are made and fulfilled by its glorious Originator; the latter are enjoined and obligatory on man. The duties of that Covenant are God's law; and the demands of the law are all made
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

The Annunciation of Jesus the Messiah, and the Birth of his Forerunner.
FROM the Temple to Nazareth! It seems indeed most fitting that the Evangelic story should have taken its beginning within the Sanctuary, and at the time of sacrifice. Despite its outward veneration for them, the Temple, its services, and specially its sacrifices, were, by an inward logical necessity, fast becoming a superfluity for Rabbinism. But the new development, passing over the intruded elements, which were, after all, of rationalistic origin, connected its beginning directly with the Old Testament
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

The Instrumentality of the Wicked Employed by God, While He Continues Free from Every Taint.
1. The carnal mind the source of the objections which are raised against the Providence of God. A primary objection, making a distinction between the permission and the will of God, refuted. Angels and men, good and bad, do nought but what has been decreed by God. This proved by examples. 2. All hidden movements directed to their end by the unseen but righteous instigation of God. Examples, with answers to objections. 3. These objections originate in a spirit of pride and blasphemy. Objection, that
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Covenanting Performed in Former Ages with Approbation from Above.
That the Lord gave special token of his approbation of the exercise of Covenanting, it belongs to this place to show. His approval of the duty was seen when he unfolded the promises of the Everlasting Covenant to his people, while they endeavoured to perform it; and his approval thereof is continually seen in his fulfilment to them of these promises. The special manifestations of his regard, made to them while attending to the service before him, belonged to one or other, or both, of those exhibitions
John Cunningham—The Ordinance of Covenanting

Effectual Calling
THE second qualification of the persons to whom this privilege in the text belongs, is, They are the called of God. All things work for good "to them who are called." Though this word called is placed in order after loving of God, yet in nature it goes before it. Love is first named, but not first wrought; we must be called of God, before we can love God. Calling is made (Rom. viii. 30) the middle link of the golden chain of salvation. It is placed between predestination and glorification; and if
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

The Wisdom of God
The next attribute is God's wisdom, which is one of the brightest beams of the Godhead. He is wise in heart.' Job 9:9. The heart is the seat of wisdom. Cor in Hebraeo sumitur pro judicio. Pineda. Among the Hebrews, the heart is put for wisdom.' Let men of understanding tell me:' Job 34:44: in the Hebrew, Let men of heart tell me.' God is wise in heart, that is, he is most wise. God only is wise; he solely and wholly possesses all wisdom; therefore he is called, the only wise God.' I Tim 1:17. All
Thomas Watson—A Body of Divinity

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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