Proverbs 14:20

The poor man is hated even by his neighbor, but many are those who love the rich.

Study Bible

The poor man
The Hebrew word for "poor" here is "רָשׁ" (rash), which refers to someone who is destitute or lacking in material wealth. In the ancient Near Eastern context, poverty was often seen as a sign of divine disfavor or personal failure. This perspective can be traced back to the cultural and societal norms of the time, where wealth was equated with God's blessing. The Bible, however, consistently challenges this view, emphasizing the inherent dignity and worth of every individual, regardless of their economic status. The "poor man" in this verse represents those who are marginalized and overlooked by society, yet are precious in the sight of God.

is hated
The Hebrew word "שָׂנֵא" (sane) means to hate or detest. This strong term indicates not just a passive dislike but an active aversion. In the context of this proverb, it highlights the harsh reality of social dynamics where those who are poor often face rejection and disdain. This reflects a broader biblical theme where God calls His people to love and care for the marginalized, contrasting the world's tendency to despise them.

even by his neighbor
The term "neighbor" in Hebrew is "רֵעַ" (rea), which can refer to a friend, companion, or fellow citizen. In ancient Israelite society, neighbors were expected to support and care for one another, as seen in the Levitical laws that emphasize community responsibility. The fact that even a neighbor would hate the poor man underscores the depth of societal prejudice and the failure to live up to God's command to love one's neighbor as oneself (Leviticus 19:18).

but many are those who love the rich
The Hebrew word for "rich" is "עָשִׁיר" (ashir), denoting someone who possesses wealth and abundance. The phrase "many are those who love" suggests a widespread admiration and favor towards the wealthy. This reflects a common human tendency to gravitate towards those with power and resources, often in hopes of gaining favor or benefit. However, the Bible warns against partiality and reminds believers that true riches are found in godliness and contentment (1 Timothy 6:6).

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Poor Man
Represents individuals who lack material wealth and resources. In the context of ancient Israel, poverty was often associated with social marginalization and vulnerability.

2. The Neighbor
Refers to those living in close proximity or within the same community. In biblical terms, a neighbor is someone with whom one has a social or moral obligation.

3. The Rich
Individuals who possess wealth and resources. In biblical times, wealth often brought social status and influence.

Teaching Points

The Reality of Social Bias
This proverb highlights the unfortunate reality of social bias where wealth often dictates social relationships. Believers are called to recognize and challenge these biases in their own lives.

God's View of Wealth and Poverty
Scripture consistently teaches that God values the heart over material wealth. Christians should strive to see others through God's eyes, valuing character and faithfulness over financial status.

The Call to Love Unconditionally
As followers of Christ, we are called to love our neighbors without partiality. This includes reaching out to and supporting those who are marginalized or in need.

The Danger of Materialism
The love of wealth can lead to a distorted view of relationships and priorities. Believers should guard against materialism and seek to cultivate contentment and generosity.

Reflecting Christ's Compassion
Jesus consistently showed compassion to the poor and marginalized. Christians are called to emulate His example by actively seeking to serve and uplift those in need.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Proverbs 14:20 challenge our understanding of wealth and social relationships in today's society?

2. In what ways can we as individuals and as a church community better support and love those who are economically disadvantaged?

3. Reflect on a time when you may have shown favoritism based on someone's financial status. How can you address this in the future?

4. How do the teachings of Jesus in the Gospels reinforce the message of Proverbs 14:20 regarding wealth and relationships?

5. What practical steps can you take to ensure that your love for others is not influenced by their material wealth or social status?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 2:1-9
This passage warns against showing favoritism based on wealth, emphasizing that God does not show partiality and neither should believers.

Luke 16:19-31
The parable of the rich man and Lazarus highlights the eternal consequences of ignoring the needs of the poor and the dangers of wealth without compassion.

Proverbs 19:4
Similar to Proverbs 14:20, this verse discusses how wealth attracts many friends, while the poor are often deserted.