James 4:10
Humble yourselves before the Lord, and He will exalt you.
Humble yourselves
The phrase "Humble yourselves" is a call to action, urging believers to adopt a posture of humility. The Greek word used here is "ταπεινόω" (tapeinoō), which means to make low or bring low. In the context of the early Christian community, humility was a counter-cultural value. The Greco-Roman world often celebrated pride and self-promotion, but the Christian message turned this on its head, emphasizing the importance of recognizing one's own limitations and dependence on God. Humility is not about self-deprecation but about acknowledging God's sovereignty and our need for His grace.

before the Lord
The phrase "before the Lord" signifies the audience and the context of our humility. The Greek word for "before" is "ἐνώπιον" (enōpion), which means in the presence of or in the sight of. This indicates that our humility is not just an outward show for others but is to be genuine and directed towards God. In the historical context of the early church, this was a reminder that God is the ultimate judge and authority. The phrase also echoes the Old Testament understanding of living "before the Lord," as seen in the lives of the patriarchs and prophets who walked with God in reverence and obedience.

and He will exalt you
The promise "and He will exalt you" provides the assurance that God honors those who humble themselves. The Greek word for "exalt" is "ὑψόω" (hypsoō), which means to lift up or raise high. This is a divine action, indicating that exaltation is not something we achieve by our own efforts but is a gift from God. In the scriptural context, this exaltation can be understood both in a spiritual sense—being lifted up in God's favor and grace—and in an eschatological sense, pointing to the ultimate exaltation in the kingdom of heaven. Historically, this promise would have been a source of hope for early Christians facing persecution and marginalization, reminding them that their humility and faithfulness would be rewarded by God in His perfect timing.

Persons / Places / Events
1. James
The author of the epistle, traditionally identified as James, the brother of Jesus and a leader in the early Jerusalem church. He writes with authority and pastoral concern for the spiritual well-being of his readers.

2. The Lord
Refers to God, emphasizing His sovereignty and the proper attitude of humility that believers should have before Him.

3. The Recipients
Early Christians, likely Jewish believers scattered among the nations, facing trials and temptations, and in need of guidance on living out their faith.
Teaching Points
The Call to Humility
Humility is a deliberate act of submission to God, recognizing His authority and our dependence on Him. It involves a heart posture that acknowledges our limitations and God's greatness.

The Promise of Exaltation
God's promise to exalt those who humble themselves is a reminder that true honor and elevation come from Him, not from self-promotion or worldly achievements.

The Example of Christ
Jesus Christ is the perfect model of humility. By following His example, believers can understand the depth of humility required and the glory that follows.

The Role of Grace
Humility opens the door to receiving God's grace. It is through grace that believers are empowered to live righteously and are ultimately exalted by God.

Practical Humility in Daily Life
Practicing humility involves serving others, prioritizing God's will over personal desires, and seeking His guidance in all aspects of life.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding the cultural and historical context of James' audience enhance our interpretation of James 4:10?

2. In what ways can we practically humble ourselves before the Lord in our daily lives?

3. How does the promise of exaltation in James 4:10 encourage you in your current circumstances?

4. What are some specific examples from the life of Jesus that demonstrate humility, and how can we emulate them?

5. How do the themes of humility and exaltation in James 4:10 connect with other biblical teachings on pride and grace?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Peter 5:6
This verse similarly encourages believers to humble themselves under God's mighty hand, promising that He will lift them up in due time. It reinforces the theme of humility leading to exaltation.

Philippians 2:5-11
This passage describes the humility of Christ, who, though being in very nature God, humbled Himself and was exalted by God. It serves as the ultimate example of the principle James teaches.

Proverbs 3:34
This proverb states that God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble, echoing the promise of exaltation for those who humble themselves.
War or Peace?T.F. Lockyer James 4:1-10
Answer to the DevilNew Cycle. of IllustrationsJames 4:7-10
Christian SubmissionPaley.James 4:7-10
Fighting the DevilR. South.James 4:7-10
Humble Submission to GodR. Turnbull.James 4:7-10
On Submission to GodH. Hunter.James 4:7-10
ResistJ. C. Lees, D. D.James 4:7-10
Resist the DevilR. A. Griffin.James 4:7-10
Resist the DevilR. Wardlaw, D. D.James 4:7-10
Resistance of EvilW. H. H. Murray.James 4:7-10
Submission to GodA. S. Patterson, D. D.James 4:7-10
Submission to GodSketches of SermonsJames 4:7-10
Submission to GodT. Manton.James 4:7-10
Submission to GodBp. Huntington.James 4:7-10
Submission to GodJames 4:7-10
Submission to GodC. Jerdan James 4:7-10
Submission to God's WillJames 4:7-10
Submitting Ourselves to GodJohn Adam.James 4:7-10
Temptation Sometimes SubtleJeremy Taylor, D. D.James 4:7-10
The Christian ChampionA. W. Shape, M. A.James 4:7-10
The Devil Put to FlightJames 4:7-10
The Devil to be ResistedJames 4:7-10
The Duty and Advantages of Submission to GodB. Scott, M. A.James 4:7-10
The Reason Why Many Cannot Find PeaceC. H. Spurgeon.James 4:7-10
The Right WarfareHomilistJames 4:7-10
Unconditional SurrenderC. H. Spurgeon.James 4:7-10
Yielding Ourselves Up to GodJames 4:7-10
People
James
Places
Dispersion
Topics
Exalt, Humble, Lift, Lifted, Low, Presence, Sight, Yourselves
Dictionary of Bible Themes
James 4:10

     5290   defeat
     5450   poverty, spiritual
     5763   attitudes, positive to God
     5849   exaltation
     8276   humility
     8770   idolatry, in NT
     8801   presumption

James 4:7-10

     6733   repentance, nature of
     8466   reformation

James 4:8-10

     2425   gospel, requirements

Library
December 29 Evening
Draw nigh to God, and he will draw nigh to you.--JAMES 4:8. Enoch walked with God.--Can two walk together, except they be agreed?--It is good for me to draw near to God. The Lord is with you, while ye be with him: and if ye seek him, he will be found of you: but if ye forsake him, he will forsake you. When they in their trouble did turn unto the Lord God of Israel, and sought him, he was found of them. For I know the thoughts that I think toward you, saith the Lord, thoughts of peace, and not of
Anonymous—Daily Light on the Daily Path

December 26. "The Spirit that Dwelleth in us Lusteth to Envy" (James iv. 5).
"The Spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy" (James iv. 5). This beautiful passage has been unhappily translated in our Revised Version: "The Spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy." It ought to be, "The Spirit that dwelleth in us loveth us to jealousy." It is the figure of a love that suffers because of its intense regard for the loved object. The Holy Ghost is so anxious to accomplish in us and for us the highest will of God, and to receive from us the truest love for Christ, our Divine
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

December 19. "God Giveth Grace unto the Humble" (James iv. 6).
"God giveth grace unto the humble" (James iv. 6). One of the marks of highest worth is deep lowliness. The shallow nature, conscious of its weakness and insufficiency, is always trying to advertise itself and make sure of its being appreciated. The strong nature, conscious of its strength, is willing to wait and let its work be made manifest in due time. Indeed, the truest natures are so free from all self-consciousness and self-consideration that their object is not to be appreciated, understood
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

April 4. "Resist the Devil and He Will Flee" (James iv. 7).
"Resist the devil and he will flee" (James iv. 7). Resist the devil, and he will flee from you. This is a promise, and God will keep it to us. If we resist the adversary, He will compel him to flee, and will give us the victory. We can, at all times, fearlessly stand up in defiance, in resistance to the enemy, and claim the protection of our heavenly King just as a citizen would claim the protection of the government against an outrage or injustice on the part of violent men. At the same time we
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The Approbation of Goodness is not the Love of It.
ROMANS ii. 21--23.--"Thou therefore which, teachest another, teachest Thou not thyself? thou that preachest a man should not steal, dost thou steal? thou that sayest a man should not commit adultery, dost thou commit adultery? thou that abhorrest idols, dost thou commit sacrilege? thou that makest thy boast of the law, through, breaking the law dishonorest thou God?" The apostle Paul is a very keen and cogent reasoner. Like a powerful logician who is confident that he has the truth upon his side,
William G.T. Shedd—Sermons to the Natural Man

God's Will About the Future
EDITOR'S NOTE: This Sermon was published the week of Spurgeon's death. The great preacher died in Mentone, France, January 31, 1892. This and the next few Sermons in the Metropolitan Tabernacle Pulpit were printed with a black mourning band circling the margins. A footnote appeared from the original editors, commenting on the providential selection of this message for that particular week: * It is remarkable that the sermon selected for this week should be so peculiarly suitable for the present trying
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 38: 1892

The Lack of Prayer
"Ye have not, because ye ask not."--JAS. iv. 2. "And He saw that there was no man, and wondered that there was no intercessor."--ISA. lix. 16. "There is none that calleth upon Thy name, that stirreth up himself to take hold of Thee."--ISA. lxiv. 7. At our last Wellington Convention for the Deepening of the Spiritual Life, in April, the forenoon meetings were devoted to prayer and intercession. Great blessing was found, both in listening to what the Word teaches of their need and power, and in joining
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

Addresses on Holiness,
IN EXETER HALL. FIRST ADDRESS. I think it must be self-evident to everyone present that it is the most important question that can possibly occupy the mind of man--how much like God we can be--how near to God we can come on earth preparatory to our being perfectly like Him, and living, as it were, in His very heart for ever and ever in Heaven. Anyone who has any measure of the Spirit of God, must perceive that this is the most important question on which we can concentrate our thoughts; and the
Catherine Booth—Godliness

But Though Prayer is Properly Confined to Vows and Supplications...
But though prayer is properly confined to vows and supplications, yet so strong is the affinity between petition and thanksgiving, that both may be conveniently comprehended under one name. For the forms which Paul enumerates (1 Tim. 2:1) fall under the first member of this division. By prayer and supplication we pour out our desires before God, asking as well those things which tend to promote his glory and display his name, as the benefits which contribute to our advantage. By thanksgiving we duly
John Calvin—Of Prayer--A Perpetual Exercise of Faith

"What is Your Life?"
"Whereas ye know not what shall be on the morrow. For what is your life? It is even as a vapour, that appeareth for a little time, and then vanisheth away."--JAS. iv. 14. AN OLD YEAR SERMON TO-MORROW, the first day of a new year, is a day of wishes. To-day, the last day of an old year, is a day of questions. Tomorrow is a time of anticipation; to-day a time of reflection. To-morrow our thoughts will go away out to the coming opportunities, and the larger vistas which the future is opening up to even
Henry Drummond—The Ideal Life

The Right to My Own Time
"Come now, ye that say, Today or tomorrow we will go into this city, and spend a year there, and trade, and get gain: whereas ye know not what shall be on the morrow.... For that ye ought to say, If the Lord will, we shall both live, and do this or that."--James 4:13-15 "Mrs. Ning and I are going out to see Grandma Woo, who has been sick. Wouldn't you like to come too?" I was sitting at my desk, with all the paraphernalia of Chinese study spread out before me. I looked at my desk, looked at the
Mabel Williamson—Have We No Rights?

Next Let not Man, Now that He Knoweth that by the Grace of God...
44. Next let not man, now that he knoweth that by the grace of God he is what he is, fall into another snare of pride, so as by lifting up himself for the very grace of God to despise the rest. By which fault that other Pharisee both gave thanks unto God for the goods which he had, and yet vaunted himself above the Publican confessing his sins. What therefore should a virgin do, what should she think, that she vaunt not herself above those, men or women, who have not this so great gift? For she ought
St. Augustine—Of Holy Virginity.

Whether Strife is a Daughter of Anger?
Objection 1: It would seem that strife is not a daughter of anger. For it is written (James 4:1): "Whence are wars and contentions? Are they not . . . from your concupiscences, which war in your members?" But anger is not in the concupiscible faculty. Therefore strife is a daughter, not of anger, but of concupiscence. Objection 2: Further, it is written (Prov. 28:25): "He that boasteth and puffeth up himself, stirreth up quarrels." Now strife is apparently the same as quarrel. Therefore it seems
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Quarreling is Opposed to the virtue of Friendship or Affability?
Objection 1: It seems that quarreling is not opposed to the virtue of friendship or affability. For quarreling seems to pertain to discord, just as contention does. But discord is opposed to charity, as stated above ([3236]Q[37], A[1]). Therefore quarreling is also. Objection 2: Further, it is written (Prov. 26:21): "An angry man stirreth up strife." Now anger is opposed to meekness. Therefore strife or quarreling is also. Objection 3: Further, it is written (James 4:1): "From whence are wars and
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Backbiting is a Graver Sin than Tale-Bearing?
Objection 1: It would seem that backbiting is a graver sin than tale-bearing. For sins of word consist in speaking evil. Now a backbiter speaks of his neighbor things that are evil simply, for such things lead to the loss or depreciation of his good name: whereas a tale-bearer is only intent on saying what is apparently evil, because to wit they are unpleasant to the hearer. Therefore backbiting is a graver sin than tale-bearing. Objection 2: Further, he that deprives. a man of his good name, deprives
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Every Sin Includes an Action?
Objection 1: It would seem that every sin includes an action. For as merit is compared with virtue, even so is sin compared with vice. Now there can be no merit without an action. Neither, therefore, can there be sin without action. Objection 2: Further, Augustine says (De Lib. Arb. iii, 18) [*Cf. De Vera Relig. xiv.]: So "true is it that every sin is voluntary, that, unless it be voluntary, it is no sin at all." Now nothing can be voluntary, save through an act of the will. Therefore every sin implies
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether the Reason Can be Overcome by a Passion, against Its Knowledge?
Objection 1: It would seem that the reason cannot be overcome by a passion, against its knowledge. For the stronger is not overcome by the weaker. Now knowledge, on account of its certitude, is the strongest thing in us. Therefore it cannot be overcome by a passion, which is weak and soon passes away. Objection 2: Further, the will is not directed save to the good or the apparent good. Now when a passion draws the will to that which is really good, it does not influence the reason against its knowledge;
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether the Gift of Knowledge is Practical Knowledge?
Objection 1: It would seem that the knowledge, which is numbered among the gifts, is practical knowledge. For Augustine says (De Trin. xii, 14) that "knowledge is concerned with the actions in which we make use of external things." But the knowledge which is concerned about actions is practical. Therefore the gift of knowledge is practical. Objection 2: Further, Gregory says (Moral. i, 32): "Knowledge is nought if it hath not its use for piety . . . and piety is very useless if it lacks the discernment
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Omission is a Special Sin?
Objection 1: It would seem that omission is not a special sin. For every sin is either original or actual. Now omission is not original sin, for it is not contracted through origin nor is it actual sin, for it may be altogether without act, as stated above ([2975]FS, Q[71], A[5]) when we were treating of sins in general. Therefore omission is not a special sin. Objection 2: Further, every sin is voluntary. Now omission sometimes is not voluntary but necessary, as when a woman is violated after taking
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether a Movement of Faith is Required for the Justification of the Ungodly?
Objection 1: It would seem that no movement of faith is required for the justification of the ungodly. For as a man is justified by faith, so also by other things, viz. by fear, of which it is written (Ecclus. 1:27): "The fear of the Lord driveth out sin, for he that is without fear cannot be justified"; and again by charity, according to Lk. 7:47: "Many sins are forgiven her because she hath loved much"; and again by humility, according to James 4:6: "God resisteth the proud and giveth grace to
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Humility is the Greatest of the virtues?
Objection 1: It would seem that humility is the greatest of the virtues. For Chrysostom, expounding the story of the Pharisee and the publican (Lk. 18), says [*Eclog. hom. vii de Humil. Animi.] that "if humility is such a fleet runner even when hampered by sin that it overtakes the justice that is the companion of pride, whither will it not reach if you couple it with justice? It will stand among the angels by the judgment seat of God." Hence it is clear that humility is set above justice. Now justice
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Pride is the Most Grievous of Sins?
Objection 1: It would seem that pride is not the most grievous of sins. For the more difficult a sin is to avoid, the less grievous it would seem to be. Now pride is most difficult to avoid; for Augustine says in his Rule (Ep. ccxi), "Other sins find their vent in the accomplishment of evil deeds, whereas pride lies in wait for good deeds to destroy them." Therefore pride is not the most grievous of sins. Objection 2: Further, "The greater evil is opposed to the greater good," as the Philosopher
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether it was Fitting that the Mother of God Should Go to the Temple to be Purified?
Objection 1: It would seem that it was unfitting for the Mother of God to go to the Temple to be purified. For purification presupposes uncleanness. But there was no uncleanness in the Blessed Virgin, as stated above (QQ[27],28). Therefore she should not have gone to the Temple to be purified. Objection 2: Further, it is written (Lev. 12:2-4): "If a woman, having received seed, shall bear a man-child, she shall be unclean seven days"; and consequently she is forbidden "to enter into the sanctuary
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Whether Christ Should have Been Baptized in the Jordan?
Objection 1: It would seem that Christ should not have been baptized in the Jordan. For the reality should correspond to the figure. But baptism was prefigured in the crossing of the Red Sea, where the Egyptians were drowned, just as our sins are blotted out in baptism. Therefore it seems that Christ should rather have been baptized in the sea than in the river Jordan. Objection 2: Further, "Jordan" is interpreted a "going down." But by baptism a man goes up rather than down: wherefore it is written
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

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