Isaiah 53:4
Surely He took on our infirmities and carried our sorrows; yet we considered Him stricken by God, struck down and afflicted.
Surely He took on our infirmities
The phrase begins with "Surely," emphasizing certainty and assurance. The Hebrew word used here is "אָכֵן" (aken), which conveys a strong affirmation. This sets the tone for the prophecy, underscoring the reliability of what follows. "He took on" translates from the Hebrew "נָשָׂא" (nasa), meaning to lift, bear, or carry. This verb suggests a voluntary action, indicating that the subject willingly assumes a burden. "Our infirmities" comes from "חֳלָיֵנוּ" (cholayenu), referring to sicknesses or weaknesses. This phrase highlights the substitutionary role of the Messiah, who takes upon Himself the physical and spiritual ailments of humanity. Historically, this is seen as a prophetic reference to Jesus Christ, who bore the sins and sufferings of mankind.

and carried our sorrows
The word "carried" is translated from "סָבַל" (sabal), which means to bear a heavy load. This implies not just a passive acceptance but an active bearing of burdens. "Our sorrows" comes from "מַכְאֹבֵינוּ" (mak'ovenu), meaning pains or griefs. The imagery here is profound, suggesting that the Messiah not only takes on physical ailments but also the emotional and spiritual pains of humanity. This reflects the compassionate nature of Christ, who empathizes with human suffering and provides comfort and healing.

yet we considered Him stricken
The conjunction "yet" introduces a contrast, indicating a misunderstanding or misjudgment by observers. "We considered" is from "חֲשַׁבְנוּהוּ" (chashavnu), meaning to think, regard, or esteem. This suggests a collective judgment or perception. "Him stricken" uses "נָגוּעַ" (nagu'a), which means to be struck or afflicted, often associated with divine punishment. This reflects the initial misinterpretation of the Messiah's suffering as a sign of divine disfavor, rather than the fulfillment of a redemptive purpose.

smitten by God
"Smitten" is from "מֻכֵּה" (mukkeh), meaning to be struck down or afflicted. The phrase "by God" indicates that the suffering is perceived as coming from divine action. This reflects the belief that the Messiah's suffering was part of God's sovereign plan. Historically, this was a stumbling block for many, as they could not reconcile the idea of a suffering Messiah with their expectations of a triumphant deliverer.

and afflicted
The word "afflicted" is translated from "מְעֻנֶּה" (me'unneh), meaning to be oppressed or humbled. This further emphasizes the depth of the Messiah's suffering. Theologically, this affliction is seen as a necessary part of the atonement process, where the Messiah endures suffering on behalf of humanity. This highlights the sacrificial love of Christ, who willingly endures pain and humiliation to bring about redemption and reconciliation with God.

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Suffering Servant
This is a prophetic reference to Jesus Christ, who is seen as the fulfillment of the prophecy in the New Testament. He is the one who bears the infirmities and sorrows of humanity.

2. Isaiah
The prophet who authored the book of Isaiah. He lived in the 8th century BC and is known for his prophecies concerning the coming Messiah.

3. Israel
The nation to whom Isaiah originally prophesied. They were in a period of turmoil and needed hope for redemption and restoration.

4. God
The divine being who orchestrates the plan of salvation through the Suffering Servant. He is the one who allows the Servant to be "stricken" for a greater purpose.

5. The Cross
While not directly mentioned in this verse, the event of the crucifixion is the ultimate fulfillment of the Suffering Servant's role, where Jesus took on the sins and sorrows of the world.
Teaching Points
Understanding the Suffering Servant
Recognize that Isaiah 53:4 is a prophecy about Jesus Christ, who took on human suffering and sin. This understanding deepens our appreciation for His sacrifice.

Bearing Our Burdens
Reflect on the fact that Jesus not only bore our sins but also our sorrows and infirmities. This should encourage us to bring our burdens to Him in prayer.

Perception vs. Reality
The verse highlights a common misunderstanding—people saw Jesus as stricken by God, yet He was fulfilling God's redemptive plan. This teaches us to seek God's perspective rather than relying on human judgment.

The Role of Suffering
Consider how suffering can be part of God's plan for redemption and growth. Jesus' suffering was purposeful, and our trials can also serve a greater purpose in God's plan.

Living in Gratitude
As recipients of Jesus' sacrificial love, we are called to live lives of gratitude, serving others and sharing the message of His redemptive work.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does understanding Jesus as the Suffering Servant change your perspective on His role in your life?

2. In what ways can you bring your own infirmities and sorrows to Jesus, knowing He has already borne them?

3. How can you apply the lesson of "perception vs. reality" in your own life, especially when facing trials or misunderstandings?

4. What are some practical ways you can live out a life of gratitude for the sacrifice Jesus made, as described in Isaiah 53:4?

5. How does the connection between Isaiah 53:4 and other scriptures like Matthew 8:17 and 1 Peter 2:24 enhance your understanding of Jesus' ministry and mission?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Matthew 8:17
This verse directly quotes Isaiah 53:4, showing its fulfillment in Jesus' healing ministry, emphasizing that Jesus took on our physical and spiritual infirmities.

1 Peter 2:24
This passage connects the suffering of Jesus to our healing, both spiritually and physically, highlighting the redemptive purpose of His afflictions.

Psalm 22
This psalm is often seen as a parallel to Isaiah 53, describing the suffering and eventual vindication of the righteous sufferer, which Christians interpret as a prophecy of Jesus' crucifixion.
Messiah Suffering and Wounded for UsJohn Newton Isaiah 53:4
The Suffering Servant -- IiAlexander MaclarenIsaiah 53:4
A Faithful Minister's SorrowJ. Durham.Isaiah 53:1-12
A Heavy Complaint and LamentationT. Boston, M.A.Isaiah 53:1-12
Christ in IsaiahF. Sessions.Isaiah 53:1-12
Christ Preached, But RejectedIsaiah 53:1-12
Christ Rejected in Our TimeIsaiah 53:1-12
Divine Power Necessary for Believing the Gospel ReportT. Boston, M. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
Do the Prophets BelieveJ. Parker, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
Evidences of Non-SuccessT. Boston, M. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
Gentile Prejudice Against ChristIsaiah 53:1-12
Jewish Prejudice Against ChristIsaiah 53:1-12
Ministerial SolicitudeEssex Congregational RemembrancerIsaiah 53:1-12
Preaching and HearingJ. Durham.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Arm of God and Human FaithF. B. Meyer, B. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Arm of the LordJ. Parker, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Arm of the Lord RevealedJ. Durham.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Credibility and Importance of the Gospel ReportJ. Lathrop, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Gospel-ReportT. Boston, M. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Jewish Nation a Vicarious SuffererA. Crawford, M.A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Jewish Nation was a Type of ChristA. Crawford, M.A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Jews and Messianic ProphecyIsaiah 53:1-12
The Little Success of the Gospel Matter of LamentationT. Boston, M. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Messiah Referred to in Isaiah 53R.W. Moss, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Might of the Saving Arm, and How to Obtain ItF. B. Meyer, B.A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Monarch in DisguiseC. Clemance, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Necessity of FaithJ. Durham.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Offer of Christ in the GospelJ. Durham.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Prevalence of UnbeliefE. Cooper.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Rarity of Believing the Gospel-ReportT. Boston, M. A.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Servant and IsraelA. B. Davidson, D.D.Isaiah 53:1-12
The Suffering SaviourIsaiah 53:1-12
A Sad ConfessionCanon Cook., T.R. BirksIsaiah 53:3-7
Aversion to ChristG. F, Pentecost, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ a Man of SorrowsE. Payson, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ as a SuffererJ. Stalker, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ Despised and Rejected of MenR. Walker.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ RejectedH. Allon, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ the Man of SorrowsEvan Lewis, B.A.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ's Great Capacity for SufferingH. O. Mackey.Isaiah 53:3-7
Christ's Life a Model for His PeopleC. H. Parkhurst, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Designed and RejectedJ. Higgins.Isaiah 53:3-7
Despised and Rejected of MenS. H. Tindall.Isaiah 53:3-7
FailureC. G. Lang.Isaiah 53:3-7
Failure May be WelcomedC. G. Lang.Isaiah 53:3-7
Handel's MessiahJ. Higgins.Isaiah 53:3-7
Lessons from the Manner of Christ's AppearingH. Allon, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Our Lord's Life Lived in ShadowIsaiah 53:3-7
Sir Noel Paton's Man of SorrowsD. Davies.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Art of Seeing the SpiritualH. Allon, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Causes of Christ's SorrowsH. Allon, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Christ-Life in the ChristianC. H. Parkhurst, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Despised SaviourR. C. Ford, M.A.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Human Race Typified by the Man of SorrowsF. W. Robertson, M.A.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Man of SorrowsIsaiah 53:3-7
The Man of SorrowsRay Palmer, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Mean Appearance of the Redeemer ForetoldT. Sherlock, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Mystery of SorrowW. J. KnoxLittle, M.A.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Problems of Life Involve SorrowC. H. Parkhurst, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Sorrow of LoveC. H. Parkhurst, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Sorrow of Strained PowersC. H. Parkhurst, D. D.Isaiah 53:3-7
The Suffering ChristIsaiah 53:3-7
The World's Regard for the OutwardH. Allen, D.D.Isaiah 53:3-7
Man's Thoughts of God's SuffererR. Tuck Isaiah 53:4, 5
The Divine Account of the Sufferings of ChristW. Clarkson Isaiah 53:4, 5
Christ the Burden-BearerC. Clemance, D. D.Isaiah 53:4-6
Christ's Love and Man's UnthankfulnessIsaiah 53:4-6
Jesus, Smitten of GodJr. R Macduff, D.D.Isaiah 53:4-6
Luther and BunyanA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
Poisons as TonicsA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
RedemptionR. V. Pryce, M.A., LL.B.Isaiah 53:4-6
Sadder and Mysterious Aspects of Vicarious SufferingA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
Society an OrganismA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
StrickenProf. J. Skinner, D.D.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Death of Christ a Propitiation for SinJ. Mason, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Failure of One the Gain of AnotherA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Mystery of Our Lord's SufferingsR. Tuck, B.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Pressure of the Burden on GodJ. B. Brown, B. A.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Servant of the Lard Pictured as a LeperProf. J. Skinner, D.D.Isaiah 53:4-6
The Suffering Servant of JehovahE. Johnson Isaiah 53:4-6
The World's Majestic FailuresA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
Vicarious Sacrifice in the Intellectual WorldA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
Vicarious Sacrifice of ChristW. H. Lewis, D.D.Isaiah 53:4-6
Vicarious SufferingA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
Vicarious SufferingA. Crauford, M.A.Isaiah 53:4-6
People
Isaiah
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Afflicted, Bear, Bore, Borne, Carried, Considered, Diseased, Diseases, Esteem, Esteemed, God's, Griefs, Infirmities, Ourselves, Pain, Pains, Plagued, Punishment, Regard, Seemed, Sickness, Sicknesses, Smitten, Sorrows, Stricken, Struck, Suffering, Surely, Whereas, Yet
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Isaiah 53:4

     2206   Jesus, the Christ
     2351   Christ, miracles
     2422   gospel, confirmation
     4906   abolition
     5802   care
     5952   sorrow
     7440   scapegoat
     7773   prophets, role

Isaiah 53:2-4

     5879   humiliation

Isaiah 53:2-7

     2036   Christ, humility

Isaiah 53:3-4

     5567   suffering, emotional

Isaiah 53:3-5

     5568   suffering, causes
     8276   humility

Isaiah 53:3-7

     5564   suffering, of Christ

Isaiah 53:3-10

     2354   Christ, mission

Isaiah 53:3-12

     5426   news
     8356   unselfishness

Isaiah 53:4-5

     5127   back
     5297   disease
     5298   doctors
     5333   healing

Isaiah 53:4-6

     2424   gospel, promises
     6684   mediator
     6750   sin-bearer
     6752   substitution

Isaiah 53:4-11

     2315   Christ, as Lamb

Isaiah 53:4-12

     1680   types
     6616   atonement, in OT

Library
October 7. "He Opened not his Mouth" (Isa. Liii. 7).
"He opened not His mouth" (Isa. liii. 7). How much grace it requires to bear a misunderstanding rightly, and to receive an unkind judgment in holy sweetness! Nothing tests a Christian character more than to have some evil thing said about him. This is the file that soon proves whether we are electro-plate or solid gold. If we could only know the blessings that lie hidden in our lives, we would say, like David, when Shimei cursed him, "Let him curse; it may be the Lord will requite me good for his
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The Suffering Servant --iv
'It pleased the Lord to bruise Him; He hath put Him to grief: when Thou shalt make His soul an offering for sin, He shall see His seed, He shall prolong His days, and the pleasure of the Lord shall prosper in His hand.'--ISAIAH liii. 10. We have seen a distinct progress of thought in the preceding verses. There was first the outline of the sorrows and rejection of the Servant; second, the profound explanation of these as being for us; third, the sufferings, death and burial of the Servant. We have
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Suffering Servant --V
'He shall see of the travail of His soul, and shall be satisfied: by His knowledge shall My righteous servant justify many; and He shall bear their iniquities'--ISAIAH liii. 11. These are all but the closing words of this great prophecy, and are the fitting crown of all that has gone before. We have been listening to the voice of a member of the race to whom the Servant of the Lord belonged, whether we limit that to the Jewish people or include in it all humanity. That voice has been confessing
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Suffering Servant --vi
'Therefore will I divide Him a portion with the great, and He shall divide the spoil with the strong; because He hath poured out His soul unto death: and was numbered with the transgressors; and He bare the sins of many, and made intercession for the transgressors.'--ISAIAH liii. 12. The first clause of this verse is somewhat difficult. There are two ways of understanding it. One is that adopted in A. V., according to which the suffering Servant is represented as equal to the greatest conquerors.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Suffering Servant-I
'For He grew up before Him as a tender plant, and as a root out of a dry ground He hath no form nor comeliness; and when we see Him, there is no beauty that we should desire Him. 3. He was despised, and rejected of men, a Man of Sorrows, and acquainted with grief: and as one from whom men hide their face He was despised, and we esteemed Him not.'--ISAIAH liii, 2, 3. To hold fast the fulfilment of this prophecy of the Suffering Servant in Jesus it is not necessary to deny its reference to Israel.
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Suffering Servant-ii
'Surely He hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: yet we did esteem Him stricken, smitten of God, and afflicted. 5. But He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him; and with His stripes we are healed. 6. All we like sheep have gone astray; we have turned every one to his own way; and the Lord hath laid (made to light) on Him the iniquity of us all.'--ISAIAH liii. 4-6. The note struck lightly in the close of the preceding
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Messiah Despised, and Rejected of Men
He is despised and rejected of men; a man of sorrow, and acquainted with grief. T he heathen moralists, ignorant of the character and perfections of God, the true dignity and immorality of the soul, and the root and extent of human depravity, had no better foundation, for what they call virtue, than pride; no higher aim in their regulations, than the interests of society, and the conduct of civil life. They expressed, indeed, occasionally, some sentiments of a superior kind; but these, however just
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Sin Charged Upon the Surety
All we like sheep have gone astray: we have turned every one to his own way, and the LORD hath laid upon Him the iniquity of us all. C omparisons, in the Scripture, are frequently to be understood with great limitation: perhaps, out of many circumstances, only one is justly applicable to the case. Thus, when our Lord says, Behold, I come as a thief (Revelation 16:15) , --common sense will fix the resemblance to a single point, that He will come suddenly, and unexpectedly. So when wandering sinners
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Messiah's Innocence vindicated
He was taken from prison and from judgment, and who shall declare his generation? For he was cut off out of the land of the living; for the transgression of my people was he stricken. L et not plain Christians be stumbled because there are difficulties in the prophetical parts of the Scriptures, and because translators and expositors sometimes explain them with some difference, as to the sense. Whatever directly relates to our faith, practice, and comfort, may be plainly collected from innumerable
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

Messiah Suffering and Wounded for Us
Surely He hath borne our griefs, and carried our sorrows: ..... He was wounded for our transgressions, He was bruised for our iniquities: the chastisement of our peace was upon Him; and with His stripes we are healed. W hen our Lord was transfigured, Moses and Elijah appeared in glory and conversed with Him. Had we been informed of the interview only, we should probably have desired to know the subject of their conversation, as we might reasonably suppose it turned upon very interesting and important
John Newton—Messiah Vol. 1

April the Second "On Him!"
"The Lord hath laid on Him the iniquity of us all." --ISAIAH liii. Let me tell a dream which was given by night to one of my dearest friends. He beheld a stupendous range of glorious sun-lit mountains, with their lower slopes enfolded in white mist. "Lord," he cried, "I pray that I may dwell upon those heights!" "Thou must first descend into the vale," a voice replied. Into the vale he went. And down there he found himself surrounded with all manner of fierce, ugly, loathsome things. As he looked
John Henry Jowett—My Daily Meditation for the Circling Year

Religion a Weariness to the Natural Man.
"He hath no form nor comeliness; and when we shall see Him, there is no beauty that we should desire Him."--Isaiah liii. 2. "Religion is a weariness;" such is the judgment commonly passed, often avowed, concerning the greatest of blessings which Almighty God has bestowed upon us. And when God gave the blessing, He at the same time foretold that such would be the judgment of the world upon it, even as manifested in the gracious Person of Him whom He sent to give it to us. "He hath no form nor
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VII

The Crucifixion.
"He was oppressed, and He was afflicted, yet He opened not His mouth; He is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so He openeth not His mouth."--Isaiah liii. 7. St. Peter makes it almost a description of a Christian, that he loves Him whom he has not seen; speaking of Christ, he says, "whom having not seen, ye love; in whom, though now ye see Him not, yet believing, ye rejoice with joy unspeakable and full of glory." Again he speaks of "tasting that the
John Henry Newman—Parochial and Plain Sermons, Vol. VII

Of Justification by Christ
It has been objected by some, who dissent from, nay, I may add, by others also, who actually are friends to the present ecclesiastical establishment, that the ministers of the Church of England preach themselves, and not Christ Jesus the Lord; that they entertain their people with lectures of mere morality, without declaring to them the glad tidings of salvation by Jesus Christ. How well grounded such an objection may be, is not my business to inquire: All I shall say at present to the point is,
George Whitefield—Selected Sermons of George Whitefield

Expiation
Now, Jesus Christ has been made by God an offering for sin; and oh that to-night we may be able to do in reality what the Jew did in metaphor! May we put our hand upon the head of Christ Jesus; as we see him offered up upon the cross for guilty men, may we know that our sins are transferred to him, and may we be able to cry, in the ecstasy of faith, "Great God, I am clean; through Jesus' blood I am clean." I. In trying now to expound the doctrine of Christ's being an offering for sin, we will begin
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 10: 1864

Sin Laid on Jesus
I hear no dolorous wailings attending this confession of sin; for the next sentence makes it almost a song. "The Lord hath laid on him the iniquity of us all." It is the most grievous sentence of the three; but it is the most charming and the most full of comfort. Strange is it that where misery was concentrated mercy reigned, and where sorrow reached her climax there it is that a weary soul finds sweetest rest. The Savior bruised is the healing of bruised hearts. I want now to draw the hearts of
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 12: 1866

Our Expectation
But, my brothers, he is not dead. Some years ago, someone, wishing to mock our holy faith, brought out a handbill, which was plastered everywhere--"Can you trust in a dead man?" Our answer would have been, "No; nobody can trust in a man who is dead." But it was known by those who printed the bill that they were misrepresenting our faith. Jesus is no longer dead. He rose again the third day. We have sure and infallible proofs of it. It is an historical fact, better proved than almost any other which
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 37: 1891

The Death of Christ
Taking our text, then, as a guide, we propose to visit Calvary, hoping to have the help of the Holy Spirit whilst we look upon him who died upon the cross. I would have you notice this morning, first of all, the cause of Christ's death--"It pleased the Lord to bruise him." "It pleased Jehovah to bruise him," saith the original; "he hath put him to grief." Secondly, the reason of Christ's death--"When thou shalt make his soul an offering for sin." Christ died because he was an offering for sin. And
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 4: 1858

The Friend of Sinners
Our text, in its threefold character, shows the intimate connection which exists between Jesus and sinners, for in none of its sentences is there meaning unless there be a sinner, and unless Christ has come into connection with him. It is this one point which I want to work out this morning, and may God bless it to many a sinner's troubled conscience. "He was numbered with the transgressors; he bare the sin of many, and he made intercession for the transgressors." It is for transgressors all the
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 8: 1863

Eighteenth Day. Patience.
"He was brought as a lamb to the slaughter."--Isa. liii, 7. How great was the patience of Jesus! Even among His own disciples, how forbearingly He endured their blindness, their misconceptions and hardness of heart! Philip had been for three years with Him, yet he had "not known Him!"--all that time he had remained in strange and culpable ignorance of his Lord's dignity and glory. See how tenderly Jesus bears with him; giving him nothing in reply for his confession of ignorance but unparalleled
John R. Macduff—The Mind of Jesus

List of Authorities
CHIEFLY USED IN WRITING THIS BOOK. Alford: Greek Testament. Von der Alm: Heidn. u. jüd. Urtheile über Jesu u. die alten Christen. Altingius: Dissertationes et Orationes. Apocrypha: S.P.C.K. Commentary on. The Apocryphal Gospels. Auerbach: Berith Abraham. Bacher: Die Agada der Babylon. Amoräer. Bäck: Geschichte des Jüd. Volkes u.seiner Literatur. Baedeker: Syrien u. Palästina. Bähr: Gesetz über Falsche Zeugen nach Bible u. Talmud. Barclay: City of the Great
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

What Messiah did the Jews Expect?
1. The most important point here is to keep in mind the organic unity of the Old Testament. Its predictions are not isolated, but features of one grand prophetic picture; its ritual and institutions parts of one great system; its history, not loosely connected events, but an organic development tending towards a definite end. Viewed in its innermost substance, the history of the Old Testament is not different from its typical institutions, nor yet these two from its predictions. The idea, underlying
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Consolations against Impatience in Sickness.
If in thy sickness by extremity of pain thou be driven to impatience, meditate-- 1. That thy sins have deserved the pains of hell; therefore thou mayest with greater patience endure these fatherly corrections. 2. That these are the scourges of thy heavenly Father, and the rod is in his hand. If thou didst suffer with reverence, being a child, the corrections of thy earthly parents, how much rather shouldst thou now subject thyself, being the child of God, to the chastisement of thy heavenly Father,
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

Believe and be Saved
It is the Holy Spirit alone that can draw us to the cross and fasten us to the Saviour. He who thinks he can do without the Spirit, has yet to learn his own sinfulness and helplessness. The gospel would be no good news to the dead in sin, if it did not tell of the love and power of the divine Spirit, as explicitly as it announces the love and power of the divine Substitute. But, while keeping this in mind, we may try to learn from Scripture what is written concerning the bond which connects us individually
Horatius Bangs, D.D.—God's Way of Peace

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