Isaiah 19:5

The waters of the Nile will dry up, and the riverbed will be parched and empty.

Study Bible

The waters of the Nile
The Nile River, known in Hebrew as "Ye'or," has been the lifeblood of Egypt since ancient times. It is not merely a geographical feature but a symbol of sustenance, prosperity, and divine provision. In the context of Isaiah's prophecy, the drying up of the Nile signifies a divine intervention that disrupts the natural order. Historically, the Nile's inundation was crucial for agriculture, and its failure would lead to famine and economic collapse. Spiritually, this phrase reminds us of God's sovereignty over creation and His ability to withhold or provide resources according to His will.

will dry up
The Hebrew root for "dry up" is "charab," which conveys a sense of desolation and barrenness. This is not a mere reduction in water levels but a complete cessation, symbolizing judgment and the removal of life-giving resources. In a broader theological context, this drying up can be seen as a metaphor for spiritual drought, where the absence of God's presence leads to a barren and unfruitful life. It serves as a call to repentance and reliance on God rather than on earthly resources.

and the riverbed
The "riverbed" refers to the channel of the Nile, which, when devoid of water, becomes a symbol of emptiness and futility. In the Hebrew context, the riverbed is a place that should be teeming with life and activity. Its emptiness signifies the cessation of normal life and commerce, reflecting the broader theme of divine judgment. This imagery can also be seen as a warning against placing trust in the stability of worldly systems, which can be upended by God's command.

will be parched
The term "parched" comes from the Hebrew "yavesh," indicating extreme dryness and an inability to support life. This word paints a vivid picture of the land's condition when deprived of its essential water source. In a spiritual sense, it represents the condition of a soul without the living water of God's Word and Spirit. It is a call to seek the refreshment that only God can provide, as opposed to the temporary satisfaction offered by the world.

and empty
The word "empty" in Hebrew is "shamem," which implies desolation and abandonment. This final phrase underscores the totality of the judgment pronounced upon Egypt. The emptiness of the riverbed is a stark reminder of the consequences of turning away from God. It serves as a prophetic warning to all nations and individuals about the dangers of self-reliance and the ultimate emptiness that comes from rejecting God's provision and guidance. In a broader sense, it is an invitation to seek fullness in Christ, who promises living water that will never run dry.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Isaiah
A major prophet in the Old Testament, Isaiah is the author of the book that bears his name. He prophesied during the reigns of several kings of Judah and is known for his messages of both judgment and hope.

2. Egypt
A significant nation in biblical history, often seen as a symbol of worldly power and idolatry. In Isaiah 19, Egypt is the subject of a prophecy concerning its future downfall and eventual redemption.

3. The Nile River
The Nile is the longest river in the world and was the lifeblood of ancient Egypt, providing water, transportation, and fertile soil. Its drying up symbolizes a catastrophic event for Egypt.

4. Prophecy of Judgment
Isaiah 19 contains a prophecy of judgment against Egypt, indicating a time when its resources and power will be diminished.

5. Divine Intervention
The drying up of the Nile is an act of divine intervention, demonstrating God's sovereignty over nature and nations.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty Over Nature
The drying up of the Nile illustrates God's control over creation. Believers can trust in God's power to intervene in the natural world according to His purposes.

Judgment as a Call to Repentance
The prophecy serves as a warning to Egypt and a call to repentance. Similarly, God's judgments today are opportunities for individuals and nations to turn back to Him.

Dependence on God, Not Resources
Egypt's reliance on the Nile highlights the danger of depending on worldly resources. Christians are reminded to place their trust in God rather than material wealth or natural resources.

Hope Beyond Judgment
While Isaiah 19 begins with judgment, it ends with a vision of Egypt's redemption. This teaches that God's ultimate desire is restoration and reconciliation.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the drying up of the Nile in Isaiah 19:5 demonstrate God's sovereignty, and how can this understanding impact our daily trust in Him?

2. In what ways does the judgment of Egypt serve as a warning for modern nations and individuals? How can we apply this warning to our lives today?

3. Reflect on a time when you relied on worldly resources instead of God. How can Isaiah 19:5 encourage you to shift your dependence?

4. How do the themes of judgment and redemption in Isaiah 19 relate to the overall message of the Gospel?

5. Compare the drying up of the Nile in Isaiah 19:5 with the plagues in Exodus and the events in Revelation. What do these events teach us about God's plan for history and His ultimate purposes?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 7:14-25
The plagues of Egypt, particularly the turning of the Nile into blood, show God's power over the natural world and His ability to judge nations.

Ezekiel 30:12
This passage also speaks of the drying up of the Nile as part of God's judgment against Egypt, reinforcing the theme of divine control over natural resources.

Revelation 16:12
The drying up of the Euphrates River in Revelation parallels the drying up of the Nile, symbolizing preparation for God's final judgment.