Genesis 34:16

Then we will give you our daughters and take your daughters for ourselves. We will dwell among you and become one people.

Study Bible

Then we will give you our daughters
This phrase reflects a proposed agreement between Jacob's sons and the Hivites, specifically Shechem and his father Hamor. The Hebrew root for "give" is "נָתַן" (natan), which implies a transfer or offering. In the ancient Near Eastern context, marriages were often arranged to form alliances and secure peace between tribes or families. The giving of daughters in marriage was a significant gesture, symbolizing trust and the intention to forge a lasting bond. This proposal, however, is laden with deceit, as Jacob's sons have ulterior motives, highlighting the complexity of human intentions and the consequences of sin.

and we will take your daughters for ourselves
The reciprocal nature of this agreement is emphasized here. The Hebrew word for "take" is "לָקַח" (laqach), which can mean to take, receive, or acquire. This reflects the cultural practice of intermarriage as a means of integration and mutual benefit. However, the underlying tension in this narrative is the violation of Dinah, Jacob's daughter, which complicates the seemingly straightforward exchange. The historical context reveals the patriarchal nature of society, where women were often seen as commodities in political and social transactions.

We will dwell among you
The Hebrew word for "dwell" is "יָשַׁב" (yashab), meaning to sit, remain, or inhabit. This suggests a permanent settlement and integration into the Hivite community. The idea of dwelling together implies peace and cooperation, a blending of cultures and traditions. However, the promise of peaceful coexistence is overshadowed by the deceitful intentions of Jacob's sons, who plan to avenge their sister's defilement. This highlights the tension between outward appearances and inner motives, a recurring theme in biblical narratives.

and become one people
The phrase "one people" signifies unity and assimilation. The Hebrew word for "people" is "עַם" (am), which denotes a group bound by common identity or purpose. The proposal to become one people suggests a merging of identities and a breaking down of barriers. In the biblical context, this raises questions about the preservation of covenant identity and the dangers of syncretism. The narrative challenges readers to consider the balance between engaging with the world and maintaining distinctiveness as God's chosen people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Shechem
A city in the land of Canaan where the events of Genesis 34 take place. It is significant as a place of both promise and conflict in the biblical account.

2. Dinah
The daughter of Jacob and Leah, whose defilement by Shechem, the son of Hamor, sets off the events of this chapter.

3. Jacob
The patriarch of the Israelite tribes, father of Dinah, and a central figure in the unfolding events.

4. Hamor
The father of Shechem, who seeks to arrange a marriage between his son and Dinah to resolve the conflict.

5. Simeon and Levi
Sons of Jacob and Leah, who take a leading role in the response to Dinah's defilement.

Teaching Points

The Danger of Compromise
The proposal to intermarry and become "one people" highlights the risk of compromising faith and values for the sake of peace or advantage. Believers are called to maintain distinctiveness in their walk with God.

The Consequences of Deception
Simeon and Levi's deceitful plan, which involves using a sacred sign (circumcision) for personal vengeance, serves as a warning against using God's commands for manipulative purposes.

The Importance of Justice and Mercy
While the desire for justice in response to Dinah's defilement is understandable, the violent actions of Simeon and Levi remind us of the need to balance justice with mercy and righteousness.

Family and Community Dynamics
The events in Genesis 34 illustrate the complexities of family and community relationships, especially when dealing with conflict and wrongdoing. It calls for wisdom and discernment in leadership and decision-making.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the proposal in Genesis 34:16 reflect the broader biblical theme of separation from the world, and what are the implications for believers today?

2. In what ways does the response of Simeon and Levi to Dinah's defilement challenge or affirm biblical principles of justice and retribution?

3. How can the events of Genesis 34 inform our understanding of the importance of maintaining integrity and honesty in our dealings with others?

4. What lessons can we learn from Jacob's role in this account about leadership and responsibility within a family or community?

5. How do the events in Genesis 34 connect with New Testament teachings on relationships with non-believers, and what practical steps can we take to apply these teachings in our lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 17
The covenant of circumcision with Abraham is relevant here, as the sons of Jacob use circumcision as a deceptive tool in their plan against Shechem.

Exodus 34
The prohibition against intermarriage with the Canaanites, which reflects the underlying tension in Genesis 34 regarding becoming "one people" with the inhabitants of the land.

2 Corinthians 6
The New Testament teaching on being unequally yoked with unbelievers provides a broader theological context for the events in Genesis 34.