Galatians 4:26

But the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother.

Study Bible

But the Jerusalem above
This phrase introduces a contrast between the earthly Jerusalem and a heavenly counterpart. The "Jerusalem above" is a concept rooted in Jewish apocalyptic literature, symbolizing the divine and perfect city of God. In the Greek, "ἄνω" (anō) signifies "above" or "heavenly," indicating a realm that transcends earthly limitations. This heavenly Jerusalem is often associated with the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises and the eschatological hope of believers. It represents the spiritual reality and the eternal kingdom that believers are citizens of, as opposed to the physical city bound by the old covenant.

is free
The term "free" (Greek: ἐλεύθερος, eleutheros) is pivotal in Paul's argument throughout Galatians. It signifies liberation from the bondage of the law and sin. In the context of Galatians, Paul contrasts the freedom found in Christ with the slavery of adhering to the law for justification. This freedom is not merely a release from legalistic constraints but an invitation to live in the grace and liberty provided by the Spirit. The "Jerusalem above" being free underscores the new covenant's nature, which is characterized by grace and freedom rather than legalistic bondage.

and she is our mother
This metaphorical language draws on the imagery of motherhood to convey belonging and identity. In the ancient world, one's city or nation was often personified as a mother, providing identity and nurture. Here, Paul uses "mother" to emphasize the believers' spiritual lineage and identity. The "Jerusalem above" as "our mother" signifies that believers are born of the Spirit and belong to the new covenant community. This spiritual maternity contrasts with the physical descent from the earthly Jerusalem, which is associated with the old covenant. The use of "mother" also evokes nurturing and care, suggesting that the heavenly Jerusalem provides spiritual sustenance and identity to the children of God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the churches in Galatia to correct false teachings and emphasize the freedom found in Christ.

2. Jerusalem Above
A symbolic representation of the heavenly Jerusalem, contrasting with the earthly Jerusalem. It signifies the spiritual realm and the freedom of the new covenant.

3. Galatian Churches
The recipients of Paul's letter, who were struggling with the influence of Judaizers advocating adherence to the Mosaic Law.

4. Hagar and Sarah
Earlier in Galatians 4, Paul uses the allegory of Hagar and Sarah to contrast the old covenant of the law with the new covenant of grace.

5. Judaizers
A group within the early church insisting that Gentile converts must adhere to Jewish law, including circumcision, to be true Christians.

Teaching Points

Freedom in Christ
The "Jerusalem above" represents the freedom believers have in Christ, free from the bondage of the law and sin. Embrace this freedom and live in the grace provided by Jesus.

Spiritual Heritage
As believers, our identity is rooted in the heavenly Jerusalem, not in earthly or legalistic systems. This should shape our values and priorities.

New Covenant Relationship
The new covenant, represented by the "Jerusalem above," is based on faith and grace, not on works or adherence to the law. Cultivate a relationship with God based on these principles.

Unity in the Body of Christ
Recognize that all believers, regardless of background, are children of the "Jerusalem above" and should live in unity and love.

Hope of Eternal Inheritance
The heavenly Jerusalem points to our eternal inheritance. Let this hope encourage perseverance and faithfulness in the Christian walk.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the "Jerusalem above" as our mother influence your view of spiritual freedom and identity in Christ?

2. In what ways can the allegory of Hagar and Sarah help us understand the difference between living under the law and living under grace?

3. How can the concept of the "heavenly Jerusalem" shape our perspective on earthly challenges and priorities?

4. What practical steps can you take to ensure that your relationship with God is based on the principles of the new covenant rather than legalistic practices?

5. How does the hope of our eternal inheritance in the "Jerusalem above" impact your daily life and interactions with others?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Hebrews 12:22-24
This passage also speaks of the "heavenly Jerusalem," drawing a parallel to the spiritual inheritance and freedom believers have in Christ.

Revelation 21:2
Describes the New Jerusalem coming down from heaven, symbolizing the ultimate fulfillment of God's promise and the eternal home of believers.

Isaiah 54:1
Paul references this verse in Galatians 4:27, which speaks of the "barren woman" who will have more children, symbolizing the fruitfulness of the new covenant.