Galatians 3:23

Before this faith came, we were held in custody under the law, locked up until faith should be revealed.

Study Bible

Before this faith came
This phrase refers to the period before the advent of faith in Jesus Christ as the means of justification. The Greek word for "faith" here is "πίστις" (pistis), which implies trust, belief, and confidence. Historically, this period was marked by adherence to the Mosaic Law, which served as a guardian. The coming of faith signifies the arrival of the new covenant through Christ, a pivotal moment in salvation history that transformed the relationship between God and humanity.

we were held in custody
The phrase "held in custody" uses the Greek word "φρουρέω" (phroureo), meaning to guard or protect. This metaphor suggests that the law acted as a protective measure, keeping the people of God within certain boundaries. It implies a temporary state, one that was necessary until the coming of Christ. The law was not meant to be a permanent solution but a preparatory stage in God's redemptive plan.

under the law
"Under the law" indicates living under the jurisdiction and authority of the Mosaic Law. The Greek term "νόμος" (nomos) refers to the law given to Moses, which included moral, ceremonial, and civil aspects. This law was a covenant between God and Israel, designed to set them apart and guide them in righteousness. However, it also highlighted humanity's inability to achieve righteousness through their own efforts, pointing to the need for a savior.

locked up
The term "locked up" comes from the Greek "συγκλείω" (sugkleio), meaning to enclose or confine. This suggests a sense of restriction and limitation. The law, while good and holy, confined people by revealing sin and the impossibility of achieving righteousness through human effort alone. It served to highlight the need for divine intervention and grace.

until faith should be revealed
This phrase marks the transition from the old covenant to the new. The Greek word for "revealed" is "ἀποκαλύπτω" (apokalypto), meaning to uncover or unveil. The revelation of faith refers to the manifestation of Jesus Christ and the gospel, which brought a new way of relating to God. This unveiling was the fulfillment of God's promise and the culmination of His redemptive plan, offering salvation through faith in Christ rather than adherence to the law.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Paul the Apostle
The author of the letter to the Galatians, addressing the early Christian communities in Galatia.

2. Galatia
A region in modern-day Turkey where the recipients of the letter were located.

3. The Law
Refers to the Mosaic Law given to the Israelites, which served as a guide and custodian before the coming of Christ.

4. Faith
Represents the new covenant through Jesus Christ, which brings salvation and freedom from the law.

5. Jesus Christ
The fulfillment of the law and the one through whom faith is revealed.

Teaching Points

The Role of the Law
The law served as a guardian, highlighting humanity's need for a savior.

It was never intended to be the means of salvation but to point towards Christ.

Transition from Law to Faith
With the coming of Christ, believers transition from being under the law to living by faith.

This transition signifies a new relationship with God, based on grace rather than legalistic adherence.

Freedom in Christ
Faith in Christ liberates us from the constraints and penalties of the law.

This freedom should lead to a life of righteousness and service, empowered by the Holy Spirit.

Living by Faith
Believers are called to live by faith, trusting in Christ's finished work on the cross.

This faith is active, producing good works as a response to God's grace.

Guardianship of the Law
The law's custodial role was temporary, preparing the way for the revelation of faith in Christ.

Understanding this helps believers appreciate the purpose and limitations of the law.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does understanding the role of the law as a "custodian" change your perspective on Old Testament commandments?

2. In what ways can you actively live out your faith, knowing that you are no longer "locked up" under the law?

3. How does the transition from law to faith affect your daily walk with Christ?

4. What are some practical ways to experience the freedom that comes from faith in Christ?

5. How can you use the understanding of Galatians 3:23 to explain the gospel to someone who believes in salvation through works?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Romans 7:6
Discusses being released from the law to serve in the new way of the Spirit.

Hebrews 9:15
Explains Christ as the mediator of a new covenant, freeing us from the transgressions under the first covenant.

Ephesians 2:8-9
Emphasizes salvation by grace through faith, not by works of the law.

Colossians 2:14
Describes how Christ canceled the written code with its regulations.

Romans 3:21-22
Highlights the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe.