Ezekiel 35:5

Because you harbored an ancient hatred and delivered the Israelites over to the sword in the time of their disaster at the final stage of their punishment,

Study Bible

Because you harbored an ancient hostility
The phrase "ancient hostility" refers to a deep-seated enmity that has persisted over generations. In Hebrew, the word for "hostility" is "אֵיבָה" (eyvah), which conveys a sense of enduring enmity or animosity. This hostility is not a recent development but has roots in the longstanding conflict between Edom and Israel, dating back to the time of Esau and Jacob. The Edomites, descendants of Esau, harbored resentment against the Israelites, descendants of Jacob, which is evident throughout biblical history. This ancient grudge is a reminder of how unresolved conflicts can fester and lead to destructive actions.

and delivered the Israelites over to the sword
The phrase "delivered the Israelites over to the sword" indicates a betrayal and active participation in violence against the Israelites. The Hebrew word for "delivered" is "תִּתֵּן" (titen), suggesting a deliberate handing over or surrendering. This action by Edom during Israel's time of vulnerability highlights a moral failure to show compassion or kinship. Instead of offering refuge or support, Edom chose to exploit Israel's weakness, aligning with their enemies and contributing to their suffering. This serves as a cautionary tale about the consequences of choosing enmity over empathy.

in the time of their disaster
The "time of their disaster" refers to a period of great calamity for Israel, likely during the Babylonian invasion and subsequent exile. The Hebrew word for "disaster" is "אֵידָם" (eidam), which can mean calamity or misfortune. This was a time when Israel was most in need of allies and support, yet Edom chose to act against them. Historically, this period was marked by immense suffering and upheaval for the Israelites, and Edom's actions during this time are seen as particularly egregious. It underscores the importance of standing by those in distress rather than exploiting their misfortune.

at the final stage of their punishment
The phrase "at the final stage of their punishment" suggests a culmination of divine judgment upon Israel. The Hebrew word for "punishment" is "עֲוֹנָם" (avonam), which can also mean iniquity or guilt. This indicates that Israel was undergoing a period of divine correction for their sins. However, Edom's actions are portrayed as taking advantage of this divine discipline for their own gain. This highlights a key biblical principle: while God may allow or even orchestrate discipline for His people, it is not for others to exploit or exacerbate their suffering. Instead, there is a call to humility and recognition of God's sovereignty in judgment.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Edom
A nation descended from Esau, Jacob's brother, known for its longstanding enmity with Israel. In Ezekiel 35, Edom is condemned for its perpetual hostility towards Israel.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. They faced numerous adversities, including attacks from neighboring nations like Edom.

3. Ezekiel
A prophet of God who ministered during the Babylonian exile. He delivered messages of judgment and hope to Israel and its surrounding nations.

4. Ancient Hostility
Refers to the deep-seated enmity between Edom and Israel, which dates back to the conflict between Esau and Jacob.

5. Time of Disaster
This refers to periods of calamity for Israel, such as the Babylonian conquest, when Edom took advantage of Israel's vulnerability.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Perpetual Hatred
Edom's ancient hostility towards Israel serves as a warning about the destructive nature of harboring long-term animosity. As Christians, we are called to forgive and seek reconciliation, following the example of Christ.

God's Justice and Sovereignty
The judgment pronounced on Edom reminds us that God is just and sovereign over all nations. He holds individuals and nations accountable for their actions, especially when they exploit the vulnerable.

The Importance of Brotherhood
The conflict between Edom and Israel, rooted in the familial strife of Esau and Jacob, underscores the importance of maintaining peace and unity within families and communities.

Responding to Others' Misfortunes
Edom's actions during Israel's disaster highlight the moral imperative to support rather than exploit those in distress. Christians are called to be compassionate and to aid those in need.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the ancient hostility between Edom and Israel reflect the broader theme of sibling rivalry and reconciliation in the Bible?

2. In what ways can harboring long-term animosity affect our personal relationships and spiritual well-being?

3. How does God's judgment on Edom demonstrate His concern for justice and His protection of His people?

4. What lessons can we learn from Edom's failure to support Israel during their time of disaster, and how can we apply these lessons in our communities today?

5. How do the prophecies against Edom in Ezekiel and other books of the Bible encourage us to trust in God's ultimate plan for justice and restoration?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 25:23
The prophecy about the struggle between Esau and Jacob, which sets the stage for the ongoing conflict between Edom and Israel.

Obadiah 1:10-14
A parallel prophecy against Edom, highlighting their violence against Israel during times of distress.

Psalm 137:7
A lament that recalls Edom's role in the destruction of Jerusalem, urging God to remember Edom's actions.

Amos 1:11
Another prophetic condemnation of Edom for their relentless pursuit of violence against their brother nation, Israel.