2 Samuel 11:3

So David sent and inquired about the woman, and he was told, "This is Bathsheba, the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah the Hittite."

Study Bible

So David sent and inquired about the woman
This phrase marks the beginning of a pivotal moment in King David's life. The Hebrew root for "sent" is שָׁלַח (shalach), which often implies a deliberate action or mission. David's sending of messengers to inquire reflects a moment of decision that would lead to significant consequences. In the context of ancient Israel, kings had the authority to send and command, yet this action reveals a lapse in David's moral judgment. The act of inquiring, from the Hebrew דָּרַשׁ (darash), suggests a seeking or searching, indicating David's growing interest and desire, which contrasts with his duty to uphold righteousness.

and he was told
This phrase introduces the response David receives, highlighting the role of communication and the importance of counsel. The Hebrew word for "told" is נָגַד (nagad), meaning to declare or make known. This implies that the information was presented clearly and openly, leaving David without excuse. In a broader biblical context, being told or informed often serves as a moment of truth, where one must choose between right and wrong.

Isn't this Bathsheba
The mention of Bathsheba by name personalizes the narrative and introduces her as a key figure. The name Bathsheba, בַּת־שֶׁבַע (Bath-Sheva), means "daughter of the oath" or "daughter of abundance." Her introduction by name signifies her importance in the unfolding events and foreshadows her significant role in Israel's history. The narrative does not initially describe her character or virtues, focusing instead on her identity and relationships.

the daughter of Eliam
This phrase provides Bathsheba's lineage, linking her to Eliam, whose name means "God is my kinsman." Eliam was one of David's mighty men (2 Samuel 23:34), suggesting that Bathsheba came from a family of notable standing and loyalty to David. This connection underscores the gravity of David's actions, as they betray not only Uriah but also a family loyal to him.

and the wife of Uriah the Hittite
Identifying Bathsheba as Uriah's wife emphasizes the sanctity of marriage and the seriousness of David's impending sin. Uriah, a Hittite, was also one of David's mighty men, highlighting his dedication and valor. The term "Hittite" indicates Uriah's ethnic background, showing the diversity within David's army and the integration of foreigners into Israelite society. This phrase serves as a stark reminder of the covenant of marriage and the betrayal that David's actions would entail.

Persons / Places / Events

1. David
The King of Israel, a man after God's own heart, who at this point in his life, is about to make a grave mistake by pursuing Bathsheba.

2. Bathsheba
The woman whom David inquires about. She is described as the daughter of Eliam and the wife of Uriah, indicating her familial and marital ties.

3. Eliam
Bathsheba's father, who is mentioned to provide context and background to Bathsheba's identity.

4. Uriah the Hittite
Bathsheba's husband, a loyal soldier in David's army, whose identity is crucial to understanding the gravity of David's actions.

5. Jerusalem
The setting of this event, where David remains while his army is at war, leading to his temptation and subsequent sin.

Teaching Points

Guarding the Heart
David's inquiry about Bathsheba shows the importance of guarding our hearts and minds against temptation. We must be vigilant in our thoughts and desires, as they can lead us into sin.

Consequences of Sin
This event marks the beginning of a series of tragic consequences for David, illustrating that sin often has far-reaching effects beyond the immediate moment.

Accountability and Community
David's isolation in Jerusalem, away from his men and advisors, highlights the need for accountability and community to help us stay on the right path.

Respect for Marriage
The mention of Bathsheba's marital status underscores the sanctity of marriage and the importance of respecting the marital bonds of others.

Repentance and Restoration
Although not directly in this verse, the broader account of David's life shows that repentance and seeking God's forgiveness are crucial steps in restoring our relationship with Him after sin.

Bible Study Questions

1. What can we learn from David's initial inquiry about Bathsheba that applies to how we handle our own temptations today?

2. How does understanding the familial and marital context of Bathsheba help us grasp the seriousness of David's actions?

3. In what ways can we ensure we have accountability in our lives to prevent falling into similar temptations as David?

4. How do the consequences of David's sin with Bathsheba serve as a warning for us in our own lives?

5. Reflect on a time when you faced temptation. How did you respond, and what biblical principles can you apply to handle future temptations more effectively?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 20:14
This verse, part of the Ten Commandments, explicitly forbids adultery, which David is about to commit.

Matthew 5:27-28
Jesus expands on the commandment against adultery, teaching that even looking at someone lustfully is akin to committing adultery in the heart.

James 1:14-15
This passage describes the process of temptation leading to sin, which mirrors David's progression from inquiry to action.