Definition and Overview:
Partiality, often referred to as favoritism or respect of persons, is the act of showing undue preference or bias towards certain individuals or groups over others. In the biblical context, partiality is considered a sin because it contradicts the nature of God's justice and impartiality. The Bible consistently teaches that God does not show favoritism and expects His followers to emulate this attribute in their interactions with others.

Biblical References:

1. James 2:1-9 · The Epistle of James provides a direct admonition against partiality. James writes, "My brothers, as you hold out your faith in our glorious Lord Jesus Christ, do not show favoritism" (James 2:1). He illustrates this with the example of giving preferential treatment to a wealthy man over a poor man in a gathering, emphasizing that such behavior is inconsistent with the faith. James further states, "But if you show favoritism, you sin and are convicted by the law as transgressors" (James 2:9).

2. Romans 2:11 · The Apostle Paul affirms the impartiality of God, stating, "For God does not show favoritism" (Romans 2:11). This verse underscores the principle that God's judgment is based on truth and righteousness, not on external factors such as wealth, status, or ethnicity.

3. Deuteronomy 10:17 · In the Old Testament, God's impartiality is highlighted: "For the LORD your God is God of gods and Lord of lords, the great, mighty, and awesome God, showing no partiality and accepting no bribe" (Deuteronomy 10:17). This passage emphasizes that God's justice is incorruptible and serves as a model for human conduct.

4. Acts 10:34-35 · Peter's revelation about God's impartiality is recorded in Acts: "Then Peter began to speak: 'I now truly understand that God does not show favoritism, but welcomes those from every nation who fear Him and do what is right'" (Acts 10:34-35). This was a pivotal moment in the early church, affirming that the gospel is for all people, regardless of their ethnic background.

Theological Implications:
The sin of partiality is a violation of the command to love one's neighbor as oneself (Leviticus 19:18; James 2:8). It undermines the unity and equality that should characterize the body of Christ. By showing favoritism, believers fail to reflect the character of God, who is just and impartial.

Partiality can manifest in various forms, including racial, economic, social, and cultural biases. It can lead to discrimination, injustice, and division within the church and society. The biblical call to avoid partiality is a call to uphold justice, mercy, and humility in all relationships.

Practical Application:
Believers are encouraged to examine their hearts and actions to ensure they are not guilty of partiality. This involves treating all individuals with dignity and respect, regardless of their social or economic status. Church leaders, in particular, are admonished to lead by example, ensuring that their decisions and actions are free from bias.

In practical terms, this means creating inclusive communities where everyone is valued and has the opportunity to contribute. It also involves advocating for justice and equality in broader society, reflecting God's impartial love and justice.

Conclusion:
The sin of partiality is a serious issue that contradicts the core teachings of Scripture. By understanding and addressing this sin, believers can better reflect the character of God and promote a more just and loving community.