The first year of Darius is a significant period in biblical history, particularly in the context of the Jewish exile and the prophetic revelations given to Daniel. This time frame is primarily referenced in the books of Daniel and Ezra, where it marks a pivotal moment for the Jewish people under Persian rule.

Historical Context

Darius the Mede, as mentioned in the Book of Daniel, is often identified with Darius I, also known as Darius the Great, who ruled the Persian Empire from 522 to 486 BC. However, the Darius referred to in Daniel 5:31 and Daniel 9:1 is more commonly associated with a ruler who took over Babylon after the fall of Belshazzar, possibly Gubaru (Gobryas), a governor under Cyrus the Great. This period is crucial as it follows the conquest of Babylon by the Medo-Persian Empire, marking the end of the Babylonian captivity for the Jewish people.

Biblical References

1. Daniel's Prayer and Prophecy: In the first year of Darius, Daniel understood from the Scriptures, according to the word of the LORD given to Jeremiah the prophet, that the desolation of Jerusalem would last seventy years (Daniel 9:2). This realization prompted Daniel to turn to God in prayer and supplication, fasting and wearing sackcloth and ashes. Daniel's prayer is a profound confession of the sins of Israel and a plea for God's mercy and restoration (Daniel 9:3-19).

2. The Seventy Weeks Prophecy: In response to Daniel's prayer, the angel Gabriel appeared to him, delivering the prophecy of the seventy weeks. This prophecy outlines a timeline for the coming of the Anointed One and the ultimate redemption of Israel (Daniel 9:24-27). The first year of Darius thus becomes a foundational moment for understanding God's redemptive plan through history.

3. The Decree to Rebuild the Temple: While not directly attributed to Darius the Mede, the first year of Darius the Great is significant in the context of the rebuilding of the Jewish Temple. Ezra 6:1-12 records that Darius issued a decree confirming the original edict of Cyrus, allowing the Jews to continue rebuilding the Temple in Jerusalem. This decree was a fulfillment of God's promise to restore His people and their place of worship.

Theological Significance

The first year of Darius is a testament to God's sovereignty and faithfulness. It highlights the fulfillment of prophetic words and the divine orchestration of historical events to achieve His purposes. Daniel's role as a prophet and intercessor during this time underscores the importance of prayer, repentance, and reliance on God's promises. The events of this year serve as a reminder of God's control over empires and His unwavering commitment to His covenant people.

Conclusion

The first year of Darius marks a turning point in biblical history, characterized by prophetic revelation and the beginning of the end of the Jewish exile. It is a period that underscores the themes of divine sovereignty, prophetic fulfillment, and the hope of restoration for God's people.