In biblical literature, the concept of "dinner" is often associated with fellowship, hospitality, and the sharing of meals, which hold significant spiritual and communal importance. The term "dinner" itself is not frequently used in the Bible, but the practice of sharing meals is a recurring theme that underscores the values of community, gratitude, and divine provision.

Old Testament Context

In the Old Testament, meals often symbolize covenant relationships and divine blessings. For instance, in Genesis 18:1-8, Abraham hosts three visitors, providing them with a meal as an act of hospitality. This event is significant as it precedes the announcement of Sarah's future pregnancy, highlighting the connection between sharing a meal and receiving God's promises.

The Passover meal, as described in Exodus 12, is another critical example. This meal commemorates the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt and is a perpetual ordinance for the Jewish people. It involves specific instructions for preparation and consumption, emphasizing obedience and remembrance of God's salvation.

New Testament Context

In the New Testament, meals continue to play a vital role in Jesus' ministry and teachings. The Gospels frequently depict Jesus dining with various individuals, including tax collectors and sinners, illustrating His mission to reach the marginalized and offer grace to all. In Matthew 9:10-11 , it is written: "While Jesus was having dinner at Matthew’s house, many tax collectors and sinners came and ate with Him and His disciples. When the Pharisees saw this, they asked His disciples, 'Why does your Teacher eat with tax collectors and sinners?'"

The Last Supper, as recorded in the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew 26:17-30, Mark 14:12-26, Luke 22:7-38), is perhaps the most significant meal in the New Testament. During this Passover meal, Jesus institutes the Lord's Supper, symbolizing the new covenant through His body and blood. This event is foundational for Christian practice, as it establishes the sacrament of Communion, a central act of worship and remembrance for believers.

Parables and Teachings

Jesus often used the setting of a dinner or banquet in His parables to convey spiritual truths. In the Parable of the Great Banquet (Luke 14:15-24), Jesus illustrates the kingdom of God as a feast to which many are invited, yet not all accept the invitation. This parable emphasizes the inclusivity of God's call and the importance of responding to His invitation.

Similarly, the Parable of the Wedding Feast (Matthew 22:1-14) underscores the themes of readiness and worthiness, as those initially invited to the king's banquet refuse to come, leading to others being invited in their place. These parables highlight the eschatological significance of meals as metaphors for the heavenly banquet and the ultimate fellowship with God.

Cultural and Theological Significance

In biblical times, sharing a meal was more than just a physical necessity; it was an expression of community, peace, and covenant. Meals were occasions for teaching, reconciliation, and celebration. The act of dining together signified acceptance and unity, breaking down social barriers and fostering relationships.

Theologically, meals in the Bible often point to God's provision and the abundance of His grace. They serve as reminders of His faithfulness and the hope of eternal fellowship with Him. The imagery of a banquet is frequently used in prophetic and apocalyptic literature to depict the future glory and joy of God's kingdom (Isaiah 25:6-9, Revelation 19:9).

In summary, the concept of "dinner" in the Bible transcends mere physical sustenance, embodying profound spiritual truths about God's invitation, provision, and the communal nature of His kingdom.