In biblical literature, the colt holds significant symbolic meaning, particularly in the context of prophecy and the fulfillment of divine promises. The colt is most prominently featured in the New Testament, specifically in the accounts of Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem, an event that is rich with symbolic undertones.

Old Testament Background

The symbolism of the colt can be traced back to the Old Testament, where it is often associated with peace and humility. In Zechariah 9:9, a prophecy is given that the Messiah would come to Jerusalem "righteous and victorious, humble and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey." This imagery contrasts with the war horses and chariots typically associated with kings and conquerors, suggesting a kingdom characterized by peace rather than military might.

New Testament Fulfillment

The fulfillment of Zechariah's prophecy is recorded in the Gospels, where Jesus instructs His disciples to find a colt for Him to ride into Jerusalem. In Mark 11:2-3 , Jesus says, "Go into the village ahead of you, and as soon as you enter it, you will find a colt tied there, on which no one has ever sat. Untie it and bring it here. If anyone asks, ‘Why are you doing this?’ tell him, ‘The Lord needs it and will return it shortly.’" The use of a colt, specifically one that has never been ridden, underscores the purity and sacredness of the event, as animals used for sacred purposes were often those that had not been put to ordinary use.

Symbol of Peace and Humility

The choice of a colt instead of a horse is significant. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, horses were symbols of war and power, while donkeys and their young, colts, were associated with peace and servitude. By entering Jerusalem on a colt, Jesus presents Himself as a King of peace, fulfilling the messianic prophecy and subverting the expectations of a militant Messiah. This act symbolizes the nature of His kingdom, which is not of this world (John 18:36).

Messianic Kingship

The colt also symbolizes the recognition of Jesus' messianic kingship. As He rides into Jerusalem, the crowds spread their cloaks on the road and wave palm branches, shouting, "Hosanna! Blessed is He who comes in the name of the Lord!" (Mark 11:9). This acclamation acknowledges Jesus as the promised King, yet the humble colt serves as a reminder of the nature of His reign—one marked by humility and service rather than earthly power and domination.

Purity and Sacredness

The fact that the colt had never been ridden is also significant. In biblical tradition, animals that had not been used for common purposes were considered suitable for sacred tasks. This detail highlights the sanctity of Jesus' mission and the divine orchestration of the events leading to His crucifixion and resurrection.

In summary, the symbolism of the colt in the Bible is multifaceted, representing peace, humility, and the fulfillment of messianic prophecy. It serves as a powerful image of the nature of Christ's kingdom and His role as the Prince of Peace.