The term "Second Quarter" is a reference found in the Old Testament, specifically in the context of the city of Jerusalem. It is mentioned in the book of 2 Kings and the book of Zephaniah, and it refers to a specific district or section of Jerusalem that was significant during the times of the kings of Judah.

Biblical References:

1. 2 Kings 22:14 : "So Hilkiah the priest, Ahikam, Achbor, Shaphan, and Asaiah went to Huldah the prophetess, the wife of Shallum son of Tikvah, the son of Harhas, the keeper of the wardrobe. She lived in Jerusalem, in the Second Quarter, and they spoke with her."

2. Zephaniah 1:10 : "On that day," declares the LORD, "a cry will go up from the Fish Gate, a wail from the Second Quarter, and a loud crash from the hills."

Historical and Cultural Context:

The Second Quarter, also known as the "Mishneh" in Hebrew, was a part of Jerusalem that underwent development and expansion during the reigns of the kings of Judah. It is believed to have been located to the north of the original city of David, possibly as part of the expansion under King Hezekiah or his successors. This area was significant enough to be mentioned in the context of prophetic activity and divine judgment.

In 2 Kings 22:14, the Second Quarter is noted as the residence of Huldah the prophetess, indicating that it was a place where notable figures lived. Huldah played a crucial role during the reign of King Josiah, as she was consulted regarding the Book of the Law found in the temple, leading to significant religious reforms.

Zephaniah 1:10 highlights the Second Quarter as a place that would experience distress during the prophesied day of the Lord's judgment. This suggests that the area was not only residential but also a place of commerce and activity, as it is mentioned alongside the Fish Gate, a known commercial area.

Theological Significance:

The mention of the Second Quarter in these passages underscores the interconnectedness of daily life, commerce, and spiritual matters in ancient Jerusalem. The presence of a prophetess like Huldah in this district signifies the importance of prophetic voices in guiding the nation and influencing its leaders. The prophetic warning in Zephaniah serves as a reminder of the impending judgment on Jerusalem due to its people's unfaithfulness, highlighting the need for repentance and return to covenant faithfulness.

The Second Quarter, therefore, serves as a microcosm of Jerusalem's broader spiritual and social dynamics, reflecting both the potential for divine guidance and the consequences of neglecting God's commands.