The term "Ruler of Tyre" refers to the monarchs who governed the ancient city-state of Tyre, a prominent Phoenician port city located on the Mediterranean coast. Tyre was known for its wealth, maritime prowess, and significant influence in the ancient Near East. The Bible references the Ruler of Tyre in several passages, most notably in the prophetic writings of Ezekiel.

Biblical References:

1. Ezekiel 28:1-19: This passage contains a prophetic oracle against the "prince of Tyre," often interpreted as a reference to the historical king, possibly Ithobaal II, who reigned during the time of the prophet Ezekiel. The prophecy begins with a rebuke of the ruler's pride and self-deification: "Son of man, say to the prince of Tyre, ‘This is what the Lord GOD says: Your heart is proud, and you have said, “I am a god; I sit in the seat of the gods in the heart of the sea.” Yet you are a man and not a god, though you have regarded your heart as that of a god" (Ezekiel 28:2). The passage continues to describe the impending judgment and downfall of the ruler due to his arrogance and iniquity.

2. Ezekiel 28:12-17: The prophecy transitions to a lamentation over the "king of Tyre," which some scholars interpret as a symbolic representation of the spiritual forces behind the earthly ruler. The text describes the king in exalted terms, likening him to a cherub in Eden, adorned with precious stones and possessing great wisdom and beauty. However, his heart became proud because of his splendor, leading to his downfall: "Your heart was proud because of your beauty; you corrupted your wisdom because of your splendor. So I cast you to the earth; I made you a spectacle before kings" (Ezekiel 28:17).

Historical Context:

Tyre was a significant center of commerce and trade, renowned for its production of purple dye and skilled craftsmanship. The city's wealth and strategic location contributed to its rulers' sense of invincibility and self-sufficiency. The biblical portrayal of the Ruler of Tyre reflects the broader theme of divine judgment against nations and leaders who exalt themselves above God.

Theological Significance:

From a theological perspective, the Ruler of Tyre serves as a cautionary example of the dangers of pride and self-idolatry. The biblical narrative underscores the sovereignty of God over all earthly powers and the ultimate futility of human arrogance. The prophetic condemnation of the Ruler of Tyre aligns with the broader biblical motif of God's opposition to the proud and His favor toward the humble (cf. James 4:6, 1 Peter 5:5).

Symbolic Interpretations:

Some Christian interpreters see the description of the "king of Tyre" in Ezekiel 28 as a typological or symbolic reference to Satan, drawing parallels between the king's fall from a position of beauty and wisdom and the fall of Lucifer. This interpretation highlights the spiritual dimension of the text, emphasizing the cosmic struggle between good and evil and the ultimate triumph of God's righteousness.

In summary, the Ruler of Tyre in the Bible represents both a historical figure and a symbol of prideful rebellion against God. The prophetic messages delivered through Ezekiel serve as a timeless reminder of the consequences of hubris and the enduring truth of God's dominion over all creation.