Righteousness in the Bible is a central theme that denotes the quality of being morally right or justifiable. It is often associated with God's character and His expectations for humanity. In the Old Testament, righteousness is frequently linked with justice and is seen as a divine attribute. For instance, Psalm 11:7 states, "For the LORD is righteous; He loves justice. The upright will see His face."

In the New Testament, righteousness takes on a more profound theological significance, particularly in the writings of the Apostle Paul. It is closely associated with faith and the redemptive work of Jesus Christ. Romans 3:22 declares, "And this righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ to all who believe." Here, righteousness is not something that can be achieved by human effort but is a gift from God, imputed to believers through faith in Christ.

The concept of righteousness also involves living in accordance with God's will. Matthew 5:6 highlights this aspect: "Blessed are those who hunger and thirst for righteousness, for they will be filled." This verse underscores the believer's pursuit of a life that reflects God's standards and moral law.

Sanctification

Sanctification is the process of being made holy, set apart for God's purposes. It is both an instantaneous act and a progressive journey in the life of a believer. The initial act of sanctification occurs at the moment of salvation, where the believer is positionally sanctified in Christ. 1 Corinthians 1:30 affirms, "It is because of Him that you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God: our righteousness, holiness, and redemption."

Progressive sanctification, on the other hand, is the ongoing work of the Holy Spirit in a believer's life, conforming them to the image of Christ. This involves a daily commitment to spiritual growth and moral purity. 1 Thessalonians 4:3 states, "For it is God’s will that you should be sanctified: that you should avoid sexual immorality."

Sanctification is both a divine work and a human responsibility. Believers are called to actively participate in their sanctification by obeying God's Word and yielding to the Holy Spirit. Philippians 2:12-13 captures this dual aspect: "Continue to work out your salvation with fear and trembling, for it is God who works in you to will and to act on behalf of His good pleasure."

Redemption

Redemption in the biblical context refers to the act of God delivering humanity from sin and its consequences through the sacrificial death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. It is a central theme of the gospel message, emphasizing the price paid for human freedom. Ephesians 1:7 declares, "In Him we have redemption through His blood, the forgiveness of our trespasses, according to the riches of His grace."

The concept of redemption is rooted in the Old Testament, where it often involved the liberation of individuals or groups from bondage or debt. In the New Testament, this idea is expanded to encompass spiritual deliverance. Colossians 1:13-14 states, "He has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and brought us into the kingdom of His beloved Son, in whom we have redemption, the forgiveness of sins."

Redemption is not only a past event but also has future implications. Believers await the full realization of their redemption at the return of Christ, when they will be completely freed from the presence of sin. Romans 8:23 speaks to this hope: "And not only that, but we ourselves, who have the firstfruits of the Spirit, groan inwardly as we wait eagerly for our adoption as sons, the redemption of our bodies."

In summary, righteousness, sanctification, and redemption are interconnected aspects of the Christian faith, each playing a vital role in the believer's relationship with God and their spiritual journey.