In the biblical context, the treatment and regulations concerning female servants are primarily found in the Old Testament, particularly within the Mosaic Law. These regulations were part of a broader legal framework that governed the social and religious life of the Israelites. The laws concerning female servants reflect the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, emphasizing both the protection and the responsibilities of those involved.

Exodus 21:7-11

The primary passage addressing the regulations for female servants is found in Exodus 21:7-11. This passage outlines specific guidelines for a man who sells his daughter as a servant:

"If a man sells his daughter as a servant, she is not to go free as the menservants do. If she is displeasing in the eyes of her master who has designated her for himself, he must allow her to be redeemed. He has no right to sell her to foreigners, since he has broken faith with her. And if he has designated her for his son, he must deal with her as with a daughter. If he takes another wife, he must not reduce the food, clothing, or marital rights of his first wife. If, however, he does not provide her with these three things, she is free to go without payment of money." (Exodus 21:7-11)

This passage highlights several key points:

1. Distinction from Male Servants: Female servants were not to be released in the same manner as male servants, indicating a different set of expectations and protections.

2. Redemption and Protection: If a female servant was not pleasing to her master, she was to be allowed redemption, and the master was prohibited from selling her to foreigners, ensuring her protection within the community.

3. Designation for Marriage: If the master intended the female servant for himself or his son, she was to be treated with the rights and respect due to a wife or daughter, emphasizing her dignity and status.

4. Provision and Rights: The law required that if the master took another wife, he must not diminish the first wife's food, clothing, or marital rights. Failure to provide these entitlements granted the woman her freedom without financial obligation.

Deuteronomy 15:12-18

While Deuteronomy 15:12-18 primarily addresses Hebrew male servants, it implicitly includes female servants in the broader context of servitude laws. The passage emphasizes the release of Hebrew servants in the seventh year and the generous provision they should receive upon their release:

"If your brother, a Hebrew man or a Hebrew woman, is sold to you, he shall serve you six years, and in the seventh year you shall set him free. And when you release him, do not send him away empty-handed. You are to furnish him liberally from your flock, your threshing floor, and your winepress. You shall give to him as the LORD your God has blessed you." (Deuteronomy 15:12-14)

This passage underscores the principle of generosity and fairness in the treatment of servants, including female servants, upon their release.

Cultural and Theological Considerations

The regulations for female servants reflect the patriarchal society of ancient Israel, where women often had limited rights and autonomy. However, the Mosaic Law provided specific protections to ensure their well-being and dignity. These laws were designed to prevent exploitation and to uphold justice within the community.

From a theological perspective, these regulations demonstrate God's concern for justice and compassion, even within the constraints of ancient societal norms. They reveal an underlying principle of care and respect for all individuals, regardless of their social status.