Background and Context:

Nehemiah, a significant figure in the post-exilic period of Israel's history, is prominently featured in the Old Testament book that bears his name. He served as a cupbearer to King Artaxerxes I of Persia, a position of considerable trust and influence. The narrative of Nehemiah's call to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem is set against the backdrop of the Jewish return from Babylonian exile, a process initiated by the decree of Cyrus the Great in 538 BC. Despite the return, Jerusalem remained in a state of disrepair, with its walls broken and gates burned, leaving the city vulnerable and its people in distress.

The Call:

Nehemiah's call to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem begins with a report he receives from his brother Hanani and other men from Judah. They inform him of the great trouble and disgrace faced by the remnant in Jerusalem, emphasizing the broken walls and burned gates (Nehemiah 1:3). This news deeply troubles Nehemiah, prompting him to weep, mourn, fast, and pray before the God of heaven (Nehemiah 1:4).

Prayer and Preparation:

Nehemiah's response to the distressing news is characterized by a heartfelt prayer, recorded in Nehemiah 1:5-11. He acknowledges the greatness and faithfulness of God, confesses the sins of Israel, and reminds God of His promises to gather His people if they return to Him. Nehemiah's prayer reveals his deep reliance on God and his understanding of the covenant relationship between God and Israel.

In his prayer, Nehemiah also requests favor in the sight of King Artaxerxes, indicating his intention to seek the king's permission to return to Jerusalem and undertake the rebuilding project. His strategic approach combines spiritual preparation with practical planning, as he anticipates the need for royal support and resources.

Royal Commission:

In Nehemiah 2, Nehemiah appears before King Artaxerxes with a heavy heart, which the king notices. When questioned, Nehemiah explains the reason for his sadness, expressing his desire to rebuild the city of his ancestors' tombs (Nehemiah 2:3). The king, moved by Nehemiah's plight and perhaps influenced by divine providence, grants his request. Nehemiah is given letters of safe passage and resources for the construction, including timber from the king's forest (Nehemiah 2:7-8).

The Journey and Inspection:

Upon arriving in Jerusalem, Nehemiah conducts a discreet inspection of the city's walls by night, assessing the extent of the damage (Nehemiah 2:12-15). This careful evaluation allows him to formulate a plan and rally the people for the task ahead. Nehemiah's leadership is marked by his ability to inspire and organize the community, as he shares his vision and the evidence of God's favor upon him (Nehemiah 2:17-18).

Opposition and Perseverance:

Nehemiah's efforts to rebuild the walls are met with opposition from local adversaries, including Sanballat, Tobiah, and Geshem, who mock and attempt to thwart the work (Nehemiah 2:19). Despite these challenges, Nehemiah remains resolute, declaring, "The God of heaven will give us success. We His servants will start rebuilding" (Nehemiah 2:20). His unwavering faith and determination serve as a testament to his calling and commitment to God's purposes.

Significance:

Nehemiah's call to rebuild the walls of Jerusalem is a pivotal moment in the history of Israel, symbolizing the restoration of the Jewish community and their covenant relationship with God. His account exemplifies the power of prayer, the importance of godly leadership, and the necessity of faith-driven action in the face of adversity. Through Nehemiah's obedience and perseverance, the walls of Jerusalem were rebuilt in just 52 days, a remarkable achievement that underscored the hand of God at work among His people (Nehemiah 6:15-16).