Fasting, a spiritual discipline observed throughout the Bible, is often associated with prayer, repentance, and seeking God's guidance. In the New Testament, Jesus provides specific instructions on how believers should approach fasting, emphasizing the importance of sincerity and humility. One of the key teachings on this subject is found in the Gospel of Matthew, where Jesus instructs His followers to fast in secret.

Biblical Instruction

In Matthew 6:16-18 , Jesus addresses the practice of fasting during His Sermon on the Mount. He warns against the hypocrisy of the Pharisees, who fasted publicly to gain admiration from others. Jesus says:

"When you fast, do not be somber like the hypocrites, for they disfigure their faces to show men they are fasting. Truly I tell you, they already have their reward. But when you fast, anoint your head and wash your face, so that your fasting will not be obvious to men, but only to your Father, who is unseen. And your Father, who sees what is done in secret, will reward you." (Matthew 6:16-18)

This passage highlights the importance of fasting as a private act of devotion, intended to deepen one's relationship with God rather than to seek human approval. Jesus emphasizes that the Father, who sees in secret, will reward those who fast with a sincere heart.

Theological Significance

Fasting in secret underscores the principle that true worship and devotion are matters of the heart. It is not the outward appearance or the recognition of others that holds value, but the genuine intention to draw closer to God. This teaching aligns with the broader biblical theme that God desires mercy, humility, and a contrite spirit over ritualistic observance (cf. Hosea 6:6, Micah 6:8).

Practical Application

For believers, fasting in secret serves as a reminder to examine their motives and to ensure that their spiritual practices are directed toward God alone. It encourages a personal and intimate relationship with the Father, free from the distractions of seeking human validation. This approach to fasting fosters a deeper spiritual growth and aligns with the call to live a life of integrity and authenticity before God.

Historical Context

In the Jewish tradition, fasting was a common practice, often associated with mourning, repentance, and seeking divine intervention. The Pharisees, known for their strict adherence to the Law, would fast twice a week (cf. Luke 18:12). However, their practice sometimes devolved into a public display of piety, which Jesus critiqued. By instructing His followers to fast in secret, Jesus was challenging the prevailing religious norms and redirecting the focus to a heartfelt devotion to God.

Conclusion

Fasting in secret, as taught by Jesus, is a profound expression of faith that prioritizes the believer's relationship with God over the approval of others. It is a call to authenticity in one's spiritual life, ensuring that acts of devotion are genuine and pleasing to the Father, who rewards those who seek Him earnestly and humbly.