The donkey and its young, the colt, hold significant roles throughout the biblical narrative, symbolizing humility, service, and fulfillment of prophecy. These animals are mentioned numerous times in both the Old and New Testaments, often serving as instruments of God's purpose and as symbols of peace and humility.

Old Testament References

In the Old Testament, donkeys are frequently mentioned as beasts of burden and symbols of wealth and status. Abraham, for instance, used donkeys to carry supplies when he set out to sacrifice Isaac (Genesis 22:3). The donkey is also noted in the account of Balaam, whose donkey miraculously spoke to him to prevent him from cursing Israel (Numbers 22:21-33). This event underscores the donkey's role as an instrument of divine intervention.

The Law of Moses includes specific instructions regarding the treatment of donkeys, reflecting their importance in daily life and commerce. For example, Exodus 23:5 instructs, "If you see the donkey of someone who hates you fallen under its load, do not leave it there; be sure you help them with it." This command emphasizes compassion and responsibility towards others, even one's enemies.

Prophetic Significance

The donkey also appears in prophetic literature, most notably in Zechariah 9:9, which foretells the coming of a king riding on a donkey: "Rejoice greatly, O Daughter of Zion! Shout in triumph, O Daughter of Jerusalem! See, your king comes to you, righteous and victorious, humble and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey." This prophecy is significant in its depiction of a king who embodies humility and peace, contrasting with the warhorses of earthly kings.

New Testament Fulfillment

The New Testament records the fulfillment of Zechariah's prophecy in the account of Jesus' triumphal entry into Jerusalem. In Matthew 21:2-7, Jesus instructs His disciples to find a donkey and a colt, fulfilling the prophecy: "This took place to fulfill what was spoken through the prophet: 'Say to the Daughter of Zion, "See, your King comes to you, gentle and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey."'" (Matthew 21:4-5). Jesus' choice to enter Jerusalem on a donkey rather than a horse signifies His mission as the Prince of Peace, contrasting with the expectations of a militant Messiah.

Symbolism and Lessons

Throughout Scripture, the donkey symbolizes humility, service, and peace. Its presence in key biblical narratives serves as a reminder of God's sovereignty and the unexpected ways He accomplishes His purposes. The donkey's role in Jesus' entry into Jerusalem highlights the nature of His kingdom—one not of earthly power, but of spiritual authority and peace.

In summary, the donkey and colt are more than mere animals in the biblical text; they are symbols of God's plan and character, illustrating themes of humility, service, and divine fulfillment.