Biblical Context:
The event of David distributing food is recorded in the Old Testament, specifically in the books of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel. This event is significant as it highlights David's leadership qualities, his care for his people, and his role as a provider. It occurs during a time of celebration and victory, reflecting the blessings and favor of God upon David and the nation of Israel.

Scriptural References:
1. 1 Samuel 30:26-31 · After David's victory over the Amalekites, he sends some of the plunder to the elders of Judah, saying, "Here is a gift for you from the plunder of the LORD’s enemies." This act of distributing the spoils of war demonstrates David's generosity and his desire to share God's blessings with the leaders of his people.

2. 2 Samuel 6:18-19 · Following the successful transport of the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem, David offers burnt offerings and peace offerings before the LORD. Afterward, he blesses the people in the name of the LORD of Hosts and distributes food to the entire assembly of Israel: "a loaf of bread, a date cake, and a raisin cake to each one." This distribution signifies a communal celebration and the unity of the nation under God's covenant.

Theological Significance:
David's actions in distributing food are emblematic of his role as a shepherd-king, a leader who not only guides and protects but also provides for the physical and spiritual needs of his people. This act of generosity is a reflection of God's provision and care for His people, as David serves as an instrument of God's blessings.

Leadership and Generosity:
David's distribution of food underscores his qualities as a leader who is mindful of the welfare of his people. By sharing the spoils of victory and the joy of worship, David fosters a sense of community and gratitude among the Israelites. His actions serve as a model for leaders to be generous and to recognize the importance of sharing God's blessings with others.

Covenantal Implications:
The distribution of food during the celebration of the Ark's arrival in Jerusalem is deeply tied to the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. It symbolizes the restoration of God's presence among His people and the renewal of His promises. David's role in this event highlights his position as a mediator of God's covenant, pointing forward to the ultimate fulfillment of God's promises through the Messiah, who would come from David's lineage.

Cultural and Historical Context:
In the ancient Near Eastern context, the distribution of food by a king or leader was a common practice during times of celebration or victory. It served to reinforce social bonds and loyalty among the people. David's actions align with this cultural practice, yet they are imbued with a deeper spiritual significance as they are done in the name of the LORD and as part of the worship and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty.

Conclusion:
David's distribution of food is a multifaceted event that reveals his character, leadership, and the theological themes of provision, community, and covenant. It is a testament to the ways in which God uses His chosen leaders to bless and unify His people, foreshadowing the ultimate provision and unity found in Christ.