Introduction

David, the son of Jesse, is one of the most significant figures in the Bible, known for his profound faith, leadership, and role as the second king of Israel. His anointing as king marks a pivotal moment in biblical history, transitioning Israel from the rule of Saul to a dynasty that would ultimately lead to the birth of Jesus Christ. The anointing of David is a testament to God's sovereign choice and the fulfillment of His divine plan.

Biblical Account

The anointing of David as king is recorded in the books of 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel. The narrative begins with God's rejection of Saul as king due to his disobedience. In 1 Samuel 16:1, the LORD instructs the prophet Samuel, "How long will you grieve over Saul, since I have rejected him as king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil and go. I am sending you to Jesse of Bethlehem, for I have selected a king for Myself from among his sons."

Samuel travels to Bethlehem, where he meets Jesse and his sons. Despite the impressive appearance of Eliab, Jesse's eldest son, the LORD tells Samuel in 1 Samuel 16:7, "Do not consider his appearance or height, for I have rejected him. The LORD does not see as man does. For man sees the outward appearance, but the LORD sees the heart." This divine insight emphasizes that God's choice is based on inner character rather than external attributes.

After reviewing seven of Jesse's sons, none are chosen. Samuel inquires if there are any more sons, and Jesse mentions the youngest, David, who is tending sheep. When David is brought before Samuel, the LORD confirms His choice: "Rise and anoint him, for he is the one" (1 Samuel 16:12). Samuel anoints David in the presence of his brothers, and "the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward" (1 Samuel 16:13).

David's Rise to Kingship

David's anointing did not immediately result in his ascension to the throne. Instead, he entered a period of preparation and testing. He first gained prominence by defeating Goliath, the Philistine giant, as recorded in 1 Samuel 17. This victory demonstrated his faith in God and his courage, earning him the admiration of the people and the jealousy of King Saul.

Despite Saul's attempts to kill him, David remained loyal and refused to harm Saul, respecting him as the LORD's anointed. David's patience and integrity during this time of trial are highlighted in 1 Samuel 24:6, where he says, "The LORD forbid that I should do such a thing to my master, the LORD's anointed, or lift my hand against him; for he is the anointed of the LORD."

After Saul's death, David is anointed king over the tribe of Judah in Hebron (2 Samuel 2:4). It is not until later, after a prolonged conflict with the house of Saul, that David is anointed king over all Israel. In 2 Samuel 5:3, "all the elders of Israel came to the king at Hebron, and King David made a covenant with them before the LORD, and they anointed him king over Israel."

Significance

David's anointing as king is significant for several reasons. It underscores the theme of divine election, where God chooses individuals based on His purposes and their hearts rather than human criteria. David's life and reign foreshadow the coming of Jesus Christ, who is often referred to as the "Son of David" and whose kingdom is eternal.

David's anointing also marks the establishment of the Davidic Covenant, a promise from God that David's descendants would rule Israel forever. This covenant is foundational to the messianic hope and is fulfilled in Jesus Christ, as described in the New Testament.

Conclusion

The anointing of David as king over Israel is a profound event that illustrates God's sovereignty, the importance of inner character, and the unfolding of His redemptive plan through history. David's life and reign continue to inspire and teach believers about faith, leadership, and the fulfillment of God's promises.