Definition:
A "perpetual statute" in the biblical context refers to a commandment or ordinance given by God that is intended to be observed indefinitely by the people of Israel. The term is often used in the Pentateuch, particularly in the books of Exodus, Leviticus, and Numbers, to describe laws that are to be kept throughout the generations.

Biblical Usage:
The phrase "perpetual statute" is frequently found in the context of the Mosaic Law, where it underscores the enduring nature of certain commandments. These statutes are often related to religious observances, rituals, and moral laws that were to be maintained by the Israelites as part of their covenant relationship with God.

Examples in Scripture:

1. Passover:
The observance of Passover is described as a perpetual statute. In Exodus 12:14, it is written: "This day is to be a memorial for you, and you are to celebrate it as a feast to the LORD. You are to celebrate it as a perpetual statute for the generations to come."

2. Day of Atonement:
The Day of Atonement, or Yom Kippur, is another example. Leviticus 16:29-31 states: "This is to be a perpetual statute for you: On the tenth day of the seventh month, you must humble yourselves and not do any work—whether the native or the foreigner who resides among you—because on this day atonement will be made for you to cleanse you, and you will be clean from all your sins before the LORD. It is a Sabbath of solemn rest for you, that you may humble yourselves; it is a perpetual statute."

3. Sabbath Observance:
The Sabbath is also described as a perpetual covenant. In Exodus 31:16-17, it is written: "The Israelites must keep the Sabbath, celebrating it as a perpetual covenant for the generations to come. It is a sign between Me and the Israelites forever; for in six days the LORD made the heavens and the earth, but on the seventh day He rested and was refreshed."

4. Priestly Garments and Duties:
The instructions regarding the priestly garments and duties are given as a perpetual statute. Exodus 28:43 states: "Aaron and his sons must wear them whenever they enter the Tent of Meeting or approach the altar to minister in the Holy Place, so that they will not incur guilt and die. This is to be a perpetual statute for Aaron and his descendants."

5. Offerings and Sacrifices:
Various offerings and sacrifices are also described as perpetual statutes. For instance, in Leviticus 3:17, it is commanded: "This is a perpetual statute for the generations to come, wherever you live: You must not eat any fat or any blood."

Theological Significance:
The concept of a perpetual statute emphasizes the continuity and unchanging nature of God's commandments. It reflects the idea that certain divine laws are not bound by time and are meant to be observed by all generations of Israelites. These statutes often serve as reminders of God's covenant with His people and their identity as a nation set apart for His purposes.

Interpretation and Application:
The interpretation of what constitutes a perpetual statute and its application in contemporary religious practice can vary among different Jewish and Christian traditions. Some view these statutes as eternally binding, while others see them as fulfilled or transformed through the life and work of Jesus Christ, particularly in the context of the New Covenant.