Revelation 17:18

And the woman you saw is the great city that rules over the kings of the earth."

Study Bible

And the woman you saw
The "woman" in this passage is a symbolic figure, often interpreted as representing a corrupt system or entity. In the context of Revelation, she is depicted as a harlot, which in biblical symbolism often represents unfaithfulness to God. The Greek word for "woman" here is "γυνή" (gynē), which can mean a literal woman or be used metaphorically. This imagery draws from the prophetic tradition of the Old Testament, where cities or nations unfaithful to God are often personified as women who have turned away from their covenant relationship with Him. The vision of the woman is part of John's apocalyptic revelation, which uses vivid imagery to convey spiritual truths.

is the great city
The phrase "the great city" is significant in the book of Revelation, often associated with Babylon, a symbol of worldly power and opposition to God. The Greek word for "city" is "πόλις" (polis), which in the ancient world was not just a place of residence but a center of culture, politics, and religion. Historically, Babylon was a literal city known for its grandeur and its role as a center of idolatry and rebellion against God. In the apocalyptic context, "the great city" represents a system or culture that exerts significant influence and stands in opposition to God's kingdom.

that rules over
The concept of ruling or having dominion is central to understanding the power dynamics described in Revelation. The Greek word "βασιλεύω" (basileuō) means to reign or have authority. This indicates not just political power but also cultural and spiritual influence. The imagery suggests a pervasive control that extends beyond mere governance, affecting the hearts and minds of people. In the biblical narrative, such rule is often contrasted with the righteous reign of God, highlighting the tension between earthly and divine authority.

the kings of the earth
The "kings of the earth" refers to the political leaders and authorities who are under the influence of the "great city." In the Greek, "βασιλεῖς" (basileis) denotes rulers or sovereigns. Throughout Revelation, these kings are depicted as being in league with the forces opposed to God, often seduced by the wealth and power offered by the "great city." This phrase underscores the global reach and impact of the corrupt system symbolized by the woman, as it extends its influence over the rulers of nations. The imagery serves as a warning to believers about the seductive nature of worldly power and the importance of remaining faithful to God's kingdom.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Woman
Symbolically represents a city, often interpreted as a metaphor for a corrupt system or entity that exerts influence over the world. In the context of Revelation, this woman is depicted as a harlot, symbolizing spiritual adultery and unfaithfulness to God.

2. The Great City
This is often identified with Babylon, a symbol of worldly power and opposition to God. In the historical context, it could refer to Rome, which was the dominant power at the time of John's writing.

3. Kings of the Earth
These are the rulers and leaders who are under the influence or control of the great city. They represent political powers that align themselves with worldly systems rather than God's kingdom.

Teaching Points

Spiritual Discernment
Believers are called to discern the spiritual influences in the world and recognize systems that oppose God's truth.

Faithfulness to God
The imagery of the harlot serves as a warning against spiritual unfaithfulness. Christians are encouraged to remain loyal to God amidst worldly temptations.

Understanding Worldly Power
The passage challenges believers to view worldly power and success through a biblical lens, recognizing that ultimate authority belongs to God.

Hope in God's Justice
Despite the apparent dominance of corrupt systems, Revelation assures believers of God's ultimate justice and the eventual downfall of all that opposes Him.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the symbolism of the woman as a "great city" challenge our understanding of worldly power and influence today?

2. In what ways can Christians guard against spiritual adultery in their personal lives and communities?

3. How do the prophecies in Daniel and Jeremiah enhance our understanding of Revelation 17:18?

4. What practical steps can believers take to remain faithful to God amidst the pressures of worldly systems?

5. How does the assurance of God's ultimate justice in Revelation encourage you in your daily walk with Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Revelation 18
This chapter continues the theme of the fall of Babylon, providing a detailed account of its judgment and the lament of those who profited from its wealth and power.

Jeremiah 51
This Old Testament passage prophesies the fall of Babylon, drawing parallels to the judgment described in Revelation.

Daniel 2 and 7
These chapters describe visions of kingdoms and empires, offering a prophetic backdrop to the imagery in Revelation, where earthly powers are ultimately subdued by God's eternal kingdom.