Proverbs 17:18

A man lacking judgment strikes hands in pledge and puts up security for his neighbor.

Study Bible

A man lacking judgment
This phrase refers to an individual who is devoid of discernment or wisdom. In the Hebrew text, the word for "lacking judgment" is "חֲסַר־לֵב" (ḥasar-lev), which literally means "lacking heart." In ancient Hebrew culture, the heart was considered the seat of understanding and wisdom. Thus, a person "lacking heart" is one who acts without considering the consequences, demonstrating a deficiency in moral and practical insight. This serves as a cautionary note, emphasizing the importance of seeking divine wisdom and understanding, as repeatedly encouraged throughout the book of Proverbs.

strikes hands in pledge
The act of "striking hands" was a common ancient Near Eastern practice symbolizing the sealing of an agreement or contract. It is akin to a modern-day handshake or signing of a document. In this context, it refers to making a financial commitment or guarantee. The Hebrew word "תּוֹקֵעַ" (toqe'a) implies a forceful or impulsive action, suggesting that the individual is making a hasty decision without proper consideration. This highlights the biblical principle of being cautious and prudent in financial dealings, avoiding rash commitments that could lead to personal ruin.

and puts up security for his neighbor
To "put up security" means to offer oneself as a guarantor for another's debt or obligation. The Hebrew term "עָרַב" (arab) conveys the idea of intermingling or becoming entangled. In the ancient world, this could lead to severe consequences, including the loss of personal freedom or property if the neighbor defaulted. The Bible frequently warns against such entanglements, as seen in Proverbs 6:1-5, where it advises delivering oneself from such a snare. This phrase serves as a reminder to exercise wisdom and caution, ensuring that one's actions are guided by sound judgment and not by impulsive generosity or misplaced trust.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Man Lacking Judgment
This individual is characterized by a lack of discernment or wisdom, often making impulsive or unwise decisions.

2. Neighbor
In the context of ancient Israel, a neighbor would be someone within the community or close social circle, emphasizing the relational aspect of the pledge.

3. Pledge
This refers to a financial or legal commitment, often involving a handshake or agreement to guarantee another person's debt or obligation.

Teaching Points

Discernment in Financial Matters
Christians are encouraged to exercise wisdom and discernment in financial dealings, avoiding impulsive commitments that could lead to personal or familial hardship.

The Importance of Prudence
Prudence is a virtue that involves careful consideration of potential consequences before making decisions, especially those involving financial or legal obligations.

Community and Responsibility
While helping others is a Christian virtue, it is important to balance generosity with responsibility, ensuring that one's own household is not put at risk.

Biblical Wisdom on Debt
The Bible consistently advises caution regarding debt and financial entanglements, encouraging believers to live within their means and avoid unnecessary liabilities.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does it mean to "lack judgment" in the context of Proverbs 17:18, and how can we cultivate better discernment in our lives?

2. How does the concept of "striking hands in pledge" relate to modern financial practices, and what biblical principles can guide us in these areas?

3. In what ways can we support our neighbors or community members without compromising our own financial stability?

4. How do the warnings in Proverbs about surety and pledges reflect broader biblical teachings on stewardship and responsibility?

5. Reflect on a time when you had to make a financial decision involving others. How did biblical principles influence your decision-making process, and what was the outcome?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 6:1-5
This passage warns against becoming surety for a neighbor, emphasizing the potential danger and urging the individual to free themselves from such a commitment.

Proverbs 11:15
It highlights the consequences of guaranteeing another's debt, suggesting that it leads to trouble, while avoiding such agreements brings safety.

Luke 14:28-30
Jesus speaks about counting the cost before making commitments, which aligns with the wisdom of avoiding rash pledges.