Numbers 9:6

But there were some men who were unclean due to a dead body, so they could not observe the Passover on that day. And they came before Moses and Aaron that same day

Study Bible

But there were some men
This phrase introduces a specific group within the larger Israelite community. The Hebrew word for "men" here is "אֲנָשִׁים" (anashim), which is a general term for males but can also imply individuals of significance or responsibility. In the context of the Israelite camp, these men were likely heads of families or leaders, emphasizing the communal and familial structure of the Israelites during their wilderness journey.

who were unclean
The term "unclean" is translated from the Hebrew word "טָמֵא" (tamei), which refers to a state of ritual impurity. In the ancient Israelite context, being unclean was not merely a physical condition but a spiritual one that required specific purification rites. This impurity could result from various causes, including contact with a dead body, which is the case here. The concept of cleanliness and uncleanliness was central to maintaining holiness and order within the community, as prescribed by the Mosaic Law.

from contact with a dead body
This phrase specifies the source of the impurity. The Hebrew word for "contact" is "נֶפֶשׁ" (nefesh), which can also mean "soul" or "life." The Israelites believed that life and death were powerful forces, and contact with death could transfer impurity. This reflects the broader biblical theme of life as sacred and death as a consequence of sin, necessitating separation from the holy.

and they could not observe the Passover
The Passover, or "פֶּסַח" (Pesach) in Hebrew, was a critical observance for the Israelites, commemorating their deliverance from Egypt. The inability to participate in this feast due to impurity highlights the tension between maintaining ritual purity and fulfilling religious obligations. This situation underscores the importance of the Passover as a communal and covenantal event, central to Israel's identity and relationship with God.

on that day
The phrase "on that day" emphasizes the specific timing of the Passover celebration, which was to be observed on the 14th day of the first month (Nisan). The precise timing of religious observances was crucial in the Israelite calendar, reflecting obedience to God's commands and the rhythm of sacred time. This temporal specificity underscores the importance of aligning one's life with divine order and timing.

So they approached Moses and Aaron
The act of approaching Moses and Aaron, the leaders of Israel, indicates the proper channel for addressing religious and communal concerns. Moses, as the mediator between God and the people, and Aaron, as the high priest, were the appointed authorities to interpret and apply God's law. This approach reflects the structured leadership and theocratic governance of the Israelite community, where spiritual and civil matters were intertwined.

that same day
Reiterating the immediacy of the situation, "that same day" underscores the urgency and importance of resolving issues related to religious observance. It highlights the proactive nature of the men in seeking a resolution, demonstrating their commitment to fulfilling their religious duties despite their state of impurity. This immediacy also reflects the dynamic nature of the Israelite's relationship with God, where timely obedience and communication were vital.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to deliver His people from Egypt and guide them through the wilderness.

2. Aaron
Moses' brother and the first high priest of Israel, serving as a spiritual leader alongside Moses.

3. The Men Who Were Unclean
These individuals were ceremonially unclean due to contact with a dead body, which prevented them from participating in the Passover.

4. Passover
A significant Jewish festival commemorating the Israelites' deliverance from Egypt, symbolizing God's salvation and protection.

5. The Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites journeyed after their exodus from Egypt, a place of testing and divine provision.

Teaching Points

The Importance of Purity
The requirement for ceremonial cleanliness underscores the holiness of God and the need for purity in worship.

God's Provision for All
The situation in Numbers 9:6 leads to the provision of a second Passover (Pesach Sheni) for those who were unclean, demonstrating God's grace and inclusivity.

Approaching God with Our Concerns
The men approached Moses and Aaron with their dilemma, modeling how we should bring our concerns and questions to God and His appointed leaders.

The Significance of Community Worship
The Passover was a communal event, emphasizing the importance of gathering together in worship and remembrance of God's deliverance.

Christ as Our Passover
Reflect on how Jesus fulfills the Passover, offering us eternal deliverance and cleansing from sin.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does the requirement for ceremonial cleanliness in Numbers 9:6 teach us about God's nature and our approach to worship?

2. How does the provision of a second Passover for those who were unclean reflect God's character and His desire for inclusivity?

3. In what ways can we bring our concerns and questions to God today, as the men did with Moses and Aaron?

4. How does the communal aspect of the Passover challenge us to prioritize gathering with other believers for worship and remembrance?

5. How can understanding Christ as our Passover lamb deepen our appreciation for His sacrifice and its implications for our lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 11-15
These chapters provide detailed laws about ceremonial cleanliness, including the handling of dead bodies, which is relevant to the situation in Numbers 9:6.

Exodus 12
The original institution of the Passover, highlighting its importance and the requirements for participation.

1 Corinthians 5:7
Paul refers to Christ as our Passover lamb, drawing a parallel between the Old Testament Passover and the sacrifice of Jesus.

Hebrews 9:13-14
Discusses the cleansing power of Christ's blood, contrasting it with the ceremonial cleansing of the Old Testament.