Nehemiah 5:4

Still others were saying, "We have borrowed money to pay the king's tax on our fields and vineyards.

Study Bible

Still others were saying
This phrase indicates a continuation of grievances among the people. The Hebrew root for "saying" is "אָמַר" (amar), which often implies a declaration or a cry for help. In the context of Nehemiah, this reflects the communal distress and the need for leadership to address systemic issues. Historically, this period was marked by economic hardship, and the people's voices highlight the social injustices that Nehemiah was called to rectify.

We have borrowed money
The act of borrowing money here is significant. The Hebrew word for "borrowed" is "לָוָה" (lavah), which can also mean to join or to be joined to something. This suggests a binding obligation, often leading to servitude. In ancient times, borrowing money was fraught with risk, as it could lead to loss of property or even personal freedom. This phrase underscores the desperation and vulnerability of the people, who were forced into debt to meet their obligations.

to pay the king’s tax
The "king’s tax" refers to the tribute imposed by the Persian Empire, under which Judah was a province. The Hebrew term for "tax" is "מֶלֶךְ" (melek), which can also mean a levy or tribute. This tax was a heavy burden on the people, exacerbating their financial woes. Historically, the Persian kings, including Artaxerxes during Nehemiah's time, demanded substantial tributes from their subjects, which often led to economic strain and social unrest.

on our fields and vineyards
Fields and vineyards were the primary sources of livelihood for the people of Judah. The Hebrew words "שָׂדֶה" (sadeh) for fields and "כֶּרֶם" (kerem) for vineyards denote not just agricultural assets but also heritage and sustenance. The mention of these specific assets highlights the severity of the situation, as the people were at risk of losing their ancestral lands. This reflects a broader biblical theme of land as a divine inheritance, and the loss of it as a profound crisis.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Nehemiah
The central figure in the book, Nehemiah is a Jewish leader who is serving as the governor of Judah. He is known for his leadership in rebuilding the walls of Jerusalem and addressing social injustices among the people.

2. The Jewish People
The community in Jerusalem, including those who are struggling financially and are burdened by debt and taxes.

3. The King’s Tax
Refers to the financial obligations imposed by the Persian Empire on its subjects, which were a significant burden on the people of Judah.

4. Fields and Vineyards
Represents the primary means of livelihood for the Jewish people, which were under threat due to the financial pressures they faced.

5. Jerusalem
The city where these events are taking place, significant as the center of Jewish worship and identity.

Teaching Points

The Burden of Debt
Financial burdens can lead to significant stress and hardship. It is important to seek wise counsel and make prudent financial decisions to avoid unnecessary debt.

Social Justice and Compassion
As Christians, we are called to be aware of the injustices around us and to act with compassion and fairness, especially towards those who are economically disadvantaged.

Leadership and Responsibility
Nehemiah’s response to the plight of his people teaches us about the importance of responsible leadership that prioritizes the well-being of the community.

Trust in God’s Provision
In times of financial difficulty, it is crucial to trust in God’s provision and to seek His guidance in managing resources.

Community Support
The church community should be a place where members support one another, especially in times of financial need, reflecting the early church’s practice of sharing resources.

Bible Study Questions

1. What are some modern parallels to the financial burdens faced by the people in Nehemiah 5:4, and how can we address them as a community?

2. How does the biblical principle of lending without interest (Exodus 22:25) challenge our current financial practices?

3. In what ways can we, as individuals and as a church, demonstrate compassion and support for those struggling with debt?

4. How can we apply the lessons of Nehemiah’s leadership in our own roles, whether in the church, workplace, or family?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God’s provision in a financial matter. How did that experience strengthen your faith?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 22:25
This verse provides a background on the laws regarding lending and interest among the Israelites, highlighting the importance of compassion and fairness in financial dealings.

Proverbs 22:7
This verse speaks to the relationship between borrower and lender, emphasizing the power dynamics involved in debt.

Matthew 6:12
In the Lord's Prayer, Jesus teaches about forgiveness of debts, which can be seen as both financial and spiritual, connecting to the theme of release from burdens.