Nahum 2:3

The shields of his mighty men are red; the valiant warriors are dressed in scarlet. The fittings of the chariots flash like fire on the day they are prepared, and the spears of cypress have been brandished.

Study Bible

The shields of his mighty men are red
The phrase "shields of his mighty men" refers to the defensive equipment used by the warriors of Nineveh. In ancient warfare, shields were crucial for protection. The Hebrew word for "mighty men" is "gibborim," which denotes warriors of great strength and valor. The color "red" could symbolize blood, indicating readiness for battle or the bloodshed that is to come. Historically, red dye was expensive and often used to signify power and wealth, suggesting the formidable nature of the Assyrian army.

the valiant warriors are dressed in scarlet
"Valiant warriors" translates from the Hebrew "anshei chayil," meaning men of valor or strength. "Scarlet" is a vivid red color, often associated with royalty, wealth, and power. In the context of Nahum, it may also symbolize the impending doom and bloodshed. The use of scarlet could indicate the pride and arrogance of the Assyrian forces, who are confident in their strength and dominance.

The chariots gleam with flashing metal
Chariots were a significant part of ancient military strategy, providing speed and power on the battlefield. The phrase "gleam with flashing metal" suggests the chariots are well-maintained and ready for war. The Hebrew word for "flashing" can imply a sense of awe or fear, as the sight of these chariots would be intimidating. This imagery highlights the might and preparedness of the Assyrian army, yet also foreshadows their ultimate downfall as prophesied by Nahum.

in the day of their preparation
This phrase indicates a specific time set aside for preparing for battle. The "day of preparation" suggests a sense of urgency and readiness. Historically, armies would spend considerable time preparing for war, ensuring that all equipment and strategies were in place. In the prophetic context, it also implies that despite their preparation, the Assyrians cannot escape the judgment decreed by God.

the spears of pine are brandished
Spears were common weapons in ancient warfare, and "pine" suggests a specific type of wood used for its strength and flexibility. The act of "brandishing" implies a show of force and readiness to strike. The Hebrew root for "brandished" can also mean to wave or shake, indicating the aggressive posture of the Assyrian army. However, this display of might is ultimately futile against the divine judgment that Nahum prophesies.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Nahum
A prophet whose name means "comfort" or "consolation." He prophesied the downfall of Nineveh, the capital of Assyria, which was a significant oppressor of Israel.

2. Nineveh
The capital city of the Assyrian Empire, known for its great power and cruelty. It was a symbol of human pride and opposition to God.

3. Assyrian Warriors
The military forces of Nineveh, known for their strength and brutality. They are depicted in this verse as being well-prepared for battle.

4. Chariots
A symbol of military might and technological advancement in ancient warfare. The chariots in this verse are described as being ready for battle.

5. Cypress Spears
Weapons used by the Assyrian army, made from the durable wood of the cypress tree, symbolizing strength and readiness for war.

Teaching Points

God's Sovereignty Over Nations
Nahum 2:3 reminds us that God is in control of the rise and fall of nations. No matter how powerful a nation may seem, it is ultimately subject to God's will.

The Certainty of Divine Justice
The vivid imagery of warriors and chariots underscores the certainty of God's judgment against those who oppose Him. This serves as a reminder that God's justice will prevail.

Preparation for Spiritual Battle
Just as the Assyrian warriors are prepared for physical battle, Christians are called to be spiritually prepared, putting on the full armor of God as described in Ephesians 6:10-18.

The Futility of Human Pride
The description of Nineveh's military might highlights the futility of relying on human strength and pride. True security is found in humility and reliance on God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the description of the Assyrian warriors in Nahum 2:3 reflect the broader theme of God's judgment in the book of Nahum?

2. In what ways can the imagery of preparation for battle in Nahum 2:3 inspire us to be spiritually prepared in our daily lives?

3. How does the prophecy against Nineveh in Nahum 2:3 relate to the concept of divine justice found throughout the Bible?

4. What lessons can we learn from the downfall of Nineveh about the dangers of pride and self-reliance?

5. How can we apply the message of Nahum 2:3 to current events and the state of nations today, considering God's sovereignty and justice?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 10:5-19
This passage describes Assyria as the rod of God's anger, used to discipline Israel but ultimately destined for judgment due to its arrogance and cruelty.

Zephaniah 2:13-15
These verses also prophesy the destruction of Nineveh, emphasizing God's sovereignty and justice over nations.

Revelation 19:11-16
The imagery of a warrior prepared for battle can be connected to the depiction of Christ as a conquering king, emphasizing divine justice and victory over evil.