Leviticus 4:1

Then the LORD said to Moses,

Study Bible

Then
The word "Then" serves as a connective term, indicating a continuation of the narrative and instructions that have been unfolding in the preceding chapters. It suggests a sequence of divine communication and action, emphasizing the ongoing relationship between God and His chosen leader, Moses. This continuity is crucial in understanding the unfolding of God's laws and commandments to the Israelites, highlighting the structured and purposeful nature of divine revelation.

the LORD
The term "the LORD" is a translation of the Hebrew name for God, YHWH, often vocalized as Yahweh. This name is considered sacred and signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature. It is a reminder of God's covenantal relationship with Israel, as He is the same God who delivered them from Egypt and now provides them with laws to guide their community and worship. The use of this name underscores the authority and holiness of the instructions that follow.

said
The word "said" indicates direct communication from God to Moses. In the Hebrew context, this verb (אָמַר, 'amar) conveys not just speech but authoritative declaration. It reflects the divine initiative in revealing His will to humanity. This mode of communication underscores the importance of the message and the responsibility of Moses as the mediator between God and the people.

to Moses
Moses is the central human figure in the Pentateuch, chosen by God to lead the Israelites out of Egypt and to receive the Law on their behalf. His role as a prophet and leader is pivotal, as he acts as the intermediary through whom God communicates His laws and instructions. The mention of Moses here reaffirms his unique position and the trust God places in him to faithfully convey His commandments to the people. Moses' leadership and obedience are exemplary, serving as a model for faithfulness and dedication to God's will.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD (Yahweh)
The covenant name of God, emphasizing His eternal, self-existent nature and His relationship with Israel.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and to receive the Law on Mount Sinai.

3. Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who are receiving instructions on how to live in covenant relationship with Yahweh.

Teaching Points

Understanding Sin and Atonement
Leviticus 4 introduces the sin offering, highlighting the seriousness of sin and the need for atonement. This points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus, who atones for our sins once and for all.

God's Holiness and Our Response
The instructions given to Moses emphasize God's holiness and the need for His people to live in a way that reflects His character. We are called to pursue holiness in our own lives.

The Role of Mediators
Moses acts as a mediator between God and the Israelites, foreshadowing Christ as our ultimate mediator. This reminds us of the importance of intercession and prayer in our relationship with God.

Obedience to God's Commands
The detailed instructions in Leviticus demonstrate the importance of obedience to God's commands. We are encouraged to seek God's will and follow His guidance in our daily lives.

Community and Accountability
The communal aspect of the sin offering underscores the importance of community and accountability in our spiritual journey. We are called to support and encourage one another in faith.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of Moses as a mediator in Leviticus 4:1 point to the work of Jesus Christ in the New Testament?

2. In what ways does the concept of a sin offering in Leviticus help us understand the significance of Jesus' sacrifice on the cross?

3. How can we apply the principles of holiness and obedience found in Leviticus 4 to our modern Christian walk?

4. What role does community play in addressing sin and seeking atonement, both in the context of Leviticus and in the church today?

5. How can we cultivate a deeper understanding of God's holiness and our response to it in our personal and communal worship practices?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 24
This chapter describes the covenant ceremony at Mount Sinai, where Moses receives the Law, establishing the context for the instructions given in Leviticus.

Hebrews 9
This New Testament passage discusses the sacrificial system and its fulfillment in Christ, providing a deeper understanding of the purpose behind the laws in Leviticus.

Romans 3
Paul explains the concept of sin and atonement, connecting the Old Testament sacrificial system to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus.