Leviticus 27:10

He must not replace it or exchange it, either good for bad or bad for good. But if he does substitute one animal for another, both that animal and its substitute will be holy.

Study Bible

He must not replace it or exchange it
This phrase underscores the sanctity and inviolability of vows made to God. In the Hebrew context, the word for "replace" (יַחֲלִיפֶנּוּ, yachaliphennu) and "exchange" (יַמִּירֶנּוּ, yamirennu) convey a sense of altering or substituting something that has been dedicated. The historical context of Leviticus involves a society where vows and offerings were integral to worship and community life. The prohibition against replacing or exchanging emphasizes the seriousness of commitments made to God, reflecting His unchanging nature and the expectation of faithfulness from His people.

either good for bad, or bad for good
This phrase highlights the impartiality and integrity required in offerings. The Hebrew words for "good" (טוֹב, tov) and "bad" (רַע, ra) are often used in moral and qualitative contexts. The instruction not to substitute a good offering for a bad one, or vice versa, speaks to the heart of worship—offering God our best without deceit or manipulation. It reflects a broader biblical principle that God desires sincerity and truth in worship, as seen throughout Scripture.

But if he does substitute one animal for another
Here, the text acknowledges human fallibility and the possibility of substitution, yet it sets a clear consequence. The Hebrew word for "substitute" (יַמִּיר, yamir) suggests a deliberate action. This provision indicates that while God’s laws are firm, they also account for human actions and provide a framework for maintaining holiness even when mistakes are made. It reflects God’s justice and mercy, ensuring that His holiness is upheld.

both that animal and its substitute will be holy
This final phrase reveals the gracious nature of God’s law. The Hebrew word for "holy" (קֹדֶשׁ, qodesh) signifies something set apart for God. By declaring both the original and the substitute as holy, the text emphasizes that once something is dedicated to God, it retains its sacred status. This principle teaches that God’s claim on what is His cannot be nullified by human actions. It serves as a reminder of the enduring nature of God’s holiness and the call for His people to honor their commitments with reverence and integrity.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God and communicated them to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The recipients of the Levitical laws, including the instructions on vows and offerings.

3. Tabernacle
The central place of worship for the Israelites where offerings and vows were made.

4. Vows and Offerings
The context of Leviticus 27, which deals with the dedication of items or animals to God.

5. Priests
The mediators who facilitated the offerings and ensured the laws were followed.

Teaching Points

Integrity in Commitments
The verse underscores the importance of integrity in fulfilling vows to God. Once a vow is made, it should not be altered or exchanged lightly.

Holiness of Offerings
Both the original and substitute animals become holy, indicating that what is dedicated to God is set apart and should be treated with reverence.

Avoiding Rash Vows
Believers should be cautious and thoughtful before making commitments to God, understanding the weight and sanctity of such promises.

God's Ownership
The passage reminds us that everything we dedicate to God belongs to Him, and we should not attempt to reclaim or alter it for personal convenience.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Leviticus 27:10 teach us about the nature of vows and commitments to God?

2. How can we apply the principle of not exchanging or replacing our commitments in our daily lives?

3. In what ways does the concept of holiness in offerings challenge us to view our own gifts and talents?

4. How do the teachings in Numbers 30 and Ecclesiastes 5:4-5 reinforce the message of Leviticus 27:10?

5. Reflect on a time when you made a commitment to God. How did you ensure that you honored that commitment, and what challenges did you face?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 30
Discusses the importance of keeping vows and the consequences of breaking them, emphasizing the seriousness of commitments made to God.

Ecclesiastes 5:4-5
Warns against making vows rashly and highlights the importance of fulfilling promises to God.

Matthew 5:33-37
Jesus teaches about the integrity of one's word, encouraging believers to let their "yes" be "yes" and their "no" be "no."