Leviticus 21:4

He is not to defile himself for those related to him by marriage, and so profane himself.

Study Bible

He is not to defile himself
The phrase "He is not to defile himself" refers to the priestly requirement of maintaining ritual purity. The Hebrew root for "defile" is "טָמֵא" (tamei), which means to become unclean or impure. In the context of Leviticus, this impurity is often ceremonial, affecting one's ability to participate in worship and temple service. The priests, as mediators between God and the people, were held to a higher standard of holiness. This command underscores the importance of purity in approaching God, reflecting the broader biblical theme that God is holy and those who serve Him must also strive for holiness.

for those related to him by marriage
This phrase indicates that the priest is not to become ceremonially unclean for in-laws or extended family through marriage. The Hebrew context here emphasizes the close-knit nature of family relationships in ancient Israel, yet it delineates boundaries for the priestly family. The priest's primary allegiance is to God and His service, which sometimes required prioritizing divine commands over familial obligations. This reflects the biblical principle that one's commitment to God must take precedence over all other relationships, a theme echoed in the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament.

and so profane himself
The term "profane" comes from the Hebrew root "חָלַל" (chalal), meaning to pollute or desecrate. In the priestly context, to "profane" oneself is to violate the sanctity required of those who serve in the temple. This phrase highlights the gravity of maintaining holiness and the consequences of failing to do so. The priest's role was not only a position of honor but also one of immense responsibility. By avoiding defilement, the priest preserved the sanctity of the worship space and the community's relationship with God. This concept of holiness and separation from impurity is a recurring theme throughout Scripture, reminding believers of the call to live set apart for God's purposes.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Priests
The primary focus of Leviticus 21 is on the priests, who were set apart for service in the tabernacle and later the temple. They were held to higher standards of purity and conduct.

2. Israel
The nation to whom the laws were given, emphasizing their unique covenant relationship with God and the need for holiness.

3. Moses
The mediator of the Law, through whom God communicated His statutes to the Israelites.

4. Tabernacle/Temple
The central place of worship where the priests served, symbolizing God's presence among His people.

5. Holiness
A recurring theme in Leviticus, highlighting the need for separation from impurity and dedication to God.

Teaching Points

Holiness and Separation
The call to holiness is a central theme in the life of a believer. Just as priests were to remain undefiled, Christians are called to live lives that are distinct and set apart for God.

Respect for God's Standards
God's standards for His people are not arbitrary but are designed to reflect His character. Understanding and respecting these standards is crucial for a life that honors God.

The Role of Priests
In the Old Testament, priests served as mediators between God and the people. In the New Testament, all believers are called to be priests, representing God to the world.

Avoiding Spiritual Defilement
While the specific laws of Leviticus may not apply directly, the principle of avoiding spiritual defilement remains relevant. Believers must guard against influences that can lead them away from God.

The Importance of Family and Community
While priests were restricted in their mourning practices, the broader principle of caring for family and community remains. Believers are called to balance their spiritual commitments with their responsibilities to others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of holiness in Leviticus 21:4 apply to modern-day believers, and what practical steps can we take to live a holy life?

2. In what ways does the New Testament expand on the idea of a "royal priesthood," and how does this affect our daily walk with Christ?

3. How can we balance the call to be set apart for God with our responsibilities to family and community?

4. What are some contemporary "defilements" that Christians should be aware of, and how can we guard against them?

5. How does understanding the role of priests in the Old Testament enhance our appreciation of Jesus as our High Priest and our role as His followers?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Numbers 6
Discusses the Nazirite vow, which also includes restrictions on contact with the dead, emphasizing the theme of holiness and separation.

Ezekiel 44
Provides additional regulations for priests, reinforcing the standards of purity and conduct required for those serving in the temple.

1 Peter 2
Describes believers as a "royal priesthood," drawing a parallel between the Old Testament priesthood and the New Testament call to holiness for all believers.