Leviticus 18:10

You must not have sexual relations with your son's daughter or your daughter's daughter, for that would shame your family.

Study Bible

You must not have sexual relations
This phrase is a direct command, emphasizing the prohibition of certain sexual behaviors. The Hebrew root for "sexual relations" is "גָּלָה עֶרְוָה" (galah ervah), which literally means "to uncover nakedness." This expression is a euphemism for sexual intercourse and is used throughout Leviticus 18 to denote illicit sexual acts. The command is clear and unequivocal, reflecting the holiness code that God established for His people. It underscores the importance of sexual purity and the sanctity of family relationships, which are foundational to the social and spiritual fabric of Israelite society.

with your son’s daughter or your daughter’s daughter
This phrase specifies the relationships that are forbidden, namely, those with one's grandchildren. The Hebrew terms "בֵּן" (ben) for "son" and "בַּת" (bat) for "daughter" are used here to denote direct lineage. The inclusion of grandchildren in this prohibition highlights the importance of maintaining purity and respect within the family unit. In ancient Israel, the family was the primary social structure, and maintaining its integrity was crucial. This command serves to protect the family from internal corruption and to ensure that familial bonds are not violated by inappropriate sexual conduct.

for that would shame your family
The phrase "shame your family" translates the Hebrew "זִמָּה" (zimmah), which conveys a sense of lewdness or wickedness. The term implies a moral and social disgrace that would result from such actions. In the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, family honor was of utmost importance. Engaging in prohibited sexual relations would not only bring personal guilt but also public dishonor to one's family. This reflects the communal nature of sin and its consequences, as well as the collective responsibility to uphold God's commandments. The emphasis on family shame serves as a deterrent, reminding the Israelites of the broader implications of their actions on their community and their covenant relationship with God.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Leviticus, who received the laws from God to instruct the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, to whom the laws in Leviticus were given as a guide for holy living.

3. Canaan
The land where the Israelites were headed, which was inhabited by people with practices that God deemed abominable.

4. God
The divine lawgiver who establishes moral and ceremonial laws for His people.

5. Family
The central social unit in Israelite society, which these laws aim to protect and sanctify.

Teaching Points

Sanctity of Family
The family is a sacred institution established by God. Protecting its integrity is crucial for maintaining societal and spiritual health.

Holiness and Purity
God calls His people to a standard of holiness that reflects His character. Sexual purity is a significant aspect of this calling.

Cultural Distinction
The Israelites were to be distinct from the surrounding nations. Christians today are similarly called to live counter-culturally in matters of morality.

Consequences of Sin
Violating God's laws brings shame and dishonor, not only to individuals but to entire families and communities.

Respect for Boundaries
God's laws establish boundaries that protect individuals and families. Respecting these boundaries is an act of obedience and love.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the command in Leviticus 18:10 reflect God's design for family relationships?

2. In what ways can Christians today uphold the sanctity of family in a culture that often disregards it?

3. How do the prohibitions in Leviticus 18 help us understand the importance of boundaries in our personal lives?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to maintain purity in our thoughts and actions, as encouraged by Ephesians 5:3?

5. How can the church support individuals and families in living out the principles found in Leviticus 18:10 and related scriptures?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 19
The account of Lot and his daughters, which illustrates the consequences of violating family boundaries.

1 Corinthians 5
Paul addresses sexual immorality in the church, emphasizing the need for purity among believers.

Deuteronomy 27:22
Reinforces the prohibition against incestuous relationships, highlighting the continuity of God's moral law.

Ephesians 5:3
Calls Christians to avoid any form of sexual immorality, reflecting the holiness God desires for His people.