Leviticus 13:13

the priest shall examine him, and if the disease has covered his entire body, he is to pronounce the infected person clean. Since it has all turned white, he is clean.

Study Bible

the priest shall examine him
In ancient Israel, the role of the priest extended beyond spiritual duties to include health assessments, particularly concerning skin diseases. The Hebrew word for "examine" is "ra'ah," which means to see or inspect. This highlights the priest's responsibility to carefully observe and discern the condition of the individual. The priest acted as a mediator between God and the people, ensuring that the community remained pure and healthy. This examination was not merely a medical assessment but a spiritual duty, reflecting the holistic approach to health and holiness in the Israelite community.

if the skin disease has covered his entire body
The phrase "skin disease" is translated from the Hebrew word "tzaraath," often associated with leprosy but encompassing a range of skin conditions. The complete covering of the body signifies a total transformation, which paradoxically leads to a declaration of cleanness. This can be seen as a metaphor for sin and redemption; when sin is fully acknowledged and brought to light, it can be cleansed. The comprehensive nature of the disease symbolizes the pervasive nature of sin, yet also the potential for total purification.

he shall pronounce him clean
The declaration of cleanness by the priest is significant. The Hebrew word "taher" means to be clean or pure. This pronouncement is not just a physical assessment but a spiritual declaration. It underscores the authority given to the priest to bind and loose, to declare what is clean and unclean. This reflects the New Testament concept of the authority given to the church to bind and loose on earth as it is in heaven (Matthew 16:19).

Since he has turned completely white
The transformation to complete whiteness is key to understanding this passage. White, in biblical symbolism, often represents purity and holiness. The complete change in appearance signifies a new beginning, a rebirth into a state of cleanness. This can be seen as a foreshadowing of the New Testament promise that though our sins are like scarlet, they shall be as white as snow (Isaiah 1:18). It is a powerful image of redemption and the transformative power of God's grace.

he is clean
The final declaration of cleanness is a profound statement of restoration. The Hebrew word "tahor" is used again, emphasizing the state of purity and acceptance back into the community. This reflects the ultimate goal of God's laws—to restore and reconcile. It is a reminder of the hope and assurance that no matter how pervasive sin may be, through God's provision, there is a path to restoration and wholeness. This verse, therefore, is not just about physical healing but about spiritual renewal and the grace of God that covers all.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
- The prophet and leader of the Israelites, who received the laws from God on Mount Sinai.

2. Aaron
- The brother of Moses and the first high priest of Israel, responsible for carrying out the laws concerning leprosy.

3. The Israelites
- The people of God who were given the laws to follow as they journeyed through the wilderness.

4. The Priest
- The individual responsible for examining and diagnosing skin diseases according to the laws given by God.

5. The Camp
- The place where the Israelites lived during their journey in the wilderness, where those with skin diseases were isolated.

Teaching Points

Understanding Holiness and Purity
The laws concerning leprosy highlight the importance of holiness and purity in the community of God's people. They serve as a reminder of the need for spiritual cleanliness and separation from sin.

The Role of the Priest
The priest acts as a mediator between God and the people, pointing to the ultimate High Priest, Jesus Christ, who intercedes on our behalf.

The Nature of Sin and Its Consequences
Leprosy, as a physical ailment, symbolizes the deeper spiritual issue of sin, which separates us from God and requires divine intervention for cleansing.

Community Responsibility and Care
The isolation of those with leprosy underscores the community's responsibility to maintain purity while also caring for those who are afflicted, reflecting the balance of justice and mercy.

Faith and Obedience
The laws require faith and obedience from the Israelites, teaching us the importance of trusting God's instructions even when they are difficult to understand.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the role of the priest in Leviticus 13:13 foreshadow the work of Jesus Christ as our High Priest?

2. In what ways does the concept of purity in Leviticus relate to our spiritual lives today?

3. How can we apply the principles of community care and responsibility found in this passage to our modern church communities?

4. What does the process of examining and diagnosing leprosy teach us about the nature of sin and its impact on our lives?

5. How do the accounts of leprosy in the New Testament (e.g., Jesus healing the lepers) fulfill and expand upon the laws given in Leviticus 13?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 14
This chapter provides the procedures for the cleansing of a leper, showing the continuation of the laws concerning skin diseases.

Numbers 12
The account of Miriam's leprosy and her subsequent isolation, illustrating the application of these laws.

Luke 17:11-19
The healing of the ten lepers by Jesus, demonstrating the fulfillment of the law through Christ.

Matthew 8:1-4
Jesus heals a leper and instructs him to show himself to the priest, connecting the Old Testament law with New Testament grace.

2 Kings 5
The healing of Naaman the leper, showing God's power and mercy beyond the Israelite community.