Leviticus 11:2

"Say to the Israelites, 'Of all the beasts of the earth, these ones you may eat:

Study Bible

Say to the Israelites
This phrase establishes the audience and the authority of the message. The Hebrew word for "say" is "אָמַר" (amar), which is often used in the context of divine communication. It underscores the importance of the message as a direct command from God to His chosen people, the Israelites. This directive is not merely a suggestion but a covenantal instruction, emphasizing the unique relationship between God and Israel. Historically, this communication reflects the theocratic nature of Israelite society, where religious and civil laws were intertwined.

Of all the beasts of the earth
The phrase "beasts of the earth" refers to all land animals. The Hebrew word for "beasts" is "בְּהֵמָה" (behemah), which generally denotes large quadrupeds. This comprehensive term indicates the vast array of creatures created by God, highlighting His sovereignty over all creation. The inclusion of "of the earth" signifies the terrestrial domain, distinguishing these creatures from those of the sea or air. This classification is part of a broader biblical taxonomy that reflects the order and intentionality in God's creation.

these ones you may eat
This phrase introduces the concept of dietary laws, which are central to Levitical holiness codes. The Hebrew word for "eat" is "אָכַל" (akal), which is a common verb but here takes on a significant ritualistic meaning. The permission to eat certain animals is not arbitrary but is rooted in the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. These dietary laws served to set the Israelites apart from surrounding nations, reinforcing their identity as a holy people. Archaeologically, evidence of distinct dietary practices among ancient Israelites supports the historical authenticity of these laws. Scripturally, this permission is part of a larger framework of purity and holiness that is echoed throughout Leviticus, emphasizing obedience and the sanctity of life.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the laws from God and communicated them to the people.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who were given the Law to set them apart as holy.

3. Mount Sinai
The place where God gave Moses the Law, including dietary regulations, to guide the Israelites in their covenant relationship with Him.

Teaching Points

Holiness and Distinction
The dietary laws were given to set the Israelites apart as a holy nation. As Christians, we are called to live distinct lives that reflect God's holiness.

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites were to obey these laws as a sign of their covenant relationship with God. Similarly, our obedience to God's Word is a reflection of our love and commitment to Him.

Understanding Fulfillment in Christ
While the dietary laws were specific to the Old Covenant, they point to the greater reality of purity and holiness fulfilled in Christ. We are called to live in the freedom and purity that Christ provides.

Cultural and Historical Context
Understanding the historical and cultural context of these laws helps us appreciate their significance and the radical nature of the New Covenant in Christ.

Spiritual Discernment
Just as the Israelites were to discern between clean and unclean, we are called to discern what is spiritually beneficial and what is not, guided by the Holy Spirit.

Bible Study Questions

1. How do the dietary laws in Leviticus 11:2 reflect God's desire for His people to be set apart?

2. In what ways does the New Testament reinterpret the dietary laws, and what does this teach us about the nature of God's covenant with His people?

3. How can we apply the principle of holiness and distinction in our daily lives as Christians today?

4. What role does obedience play in our relationship with God, and how can we cultivate a heart of obedience?

5. How can we practice spiritual discernment in our choices and actions, ensuring they align with God's will?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 9
After the flood, God gives Noah permission to eat animals, marking a shift in dietary practices from the pre-flood era.

Acts 10
Peter's vision of the sheet with unclean animals, where God declares all foods clean, showing a transition in the New Testament understanding of dietary laws.

Mark 7
Jesus teaches that it is not what goes into a person that defiles them, but what comes out, indicating a deeper spiritual principle beyond dietary laws.