Lamentations 2:15
All who pass by clap their hands at you in scorn. They hiss and shake their heads at the Daughter of Jerusalem: "Is this the city that was called the perfection of beauty, the joy of all the earth?"
All who pass by
This phrase indicates the universal nature of the scorn directed at Jerusalem. In the Hebrew text, the word "all" (כָּל, kol) emphasizes the totality of those witnessing Jerusalem's downfall. Historically, Jerusalem was a city of great significance, and its destruction was a public spectacle. The phrase suggests that the city's fall was not only a local tragedy but a matter of international observation, reflecting the widespread impact of God's judgment.

clap their hands at you
In ancient Near Eastern cultures, clapping hands was often a gesture of derision or mockery. The Hebrew verb used here, "תָּקַע" (taqa), can mean to clap or strike, often in a context of scorn. This action signifies the contempt and ridicule of the onlookers, highlighting the depth of Jerusalem's humiliation. It serves as a stark contrast to the city's former glory and the respect it once commanded.

they scoff and shake their heads
The act of scoffing and shaking the head is a gesture of disdain and disbelief. The Hebrew word for scoff, "שָׂרַק" (saraq), implies a whistling or hissing sound, often used to express derision. Shaking the head, a universal sign of scorn, further emphasizes the complete rejection and mockery by those who witness Jerusalem's plight. This imagery is powerful, illustrating the profound shame and disgrace that has befallen the city.

at the Daughter of Jerusalem
The term "Daughter of Jerusalem" is a poetic personification of the city, emphasizing its vulnerability and the intimate relationship between God and His people. In Hebrew, "בַּת־יְרוּשָׁלִַם" (bat-Yerushalayim) conveys a sense of endearment and familial connection. This phrase underscores the tragedy of Jerusalem's fall, as it was not just a city but a cherished entity in the eyes of God and His people.

Is this the city that was called the perfection of beauty
This rhetorical question highlights the stark contrast between Jerusalem's past splendor and its current desolation. The phrase "perfection of beauty" (כְּלִילַת יֹפִי, kelilat yofi) in Hebrew suggests completeness and excellence in beauty. Historically, Jerusalem was renowned for its architectural and spiritual magnificence, symbolizing God's presence and blessing. The question underscores the irony and tragedy of its downfall, serving as a poignant reminder of the consequences of turning away from God.

the joy of the whole earth
Jerusalem was not only a source of pride for Israel but also a symbol of divine favor and joy for the entire world. The phrase "joy of the whole earth" (מְשׂוֹשׂ כָּל־הָאָרֶץ, mesos kol-ha'aretz) reflects its significance as a spiritual and cultural center. This description emphasizes the extent of the loss, as the city's destruction represents a loss of joy and hope for all nations. It serves as a sobering reminder of the impact of sin and the importance of remaining faithful to God's covenant.

Persons / Places / Events
1. Daughter of Jerusalem
This term refers to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, personified as a daughter. It highlights the intimate relationship between God and His people, as well as the city's vulnerability and suffering.

2. Passersby
These are the people from surrounding nations who witness the destruction of Jerusalem. Their reactions of mockery and derision underscore the city's fallen state.

3. Jerusalem
The capital city of Judah, known for its beauty and significance as the center of worship for the Israelites. Its destruction is a central theme in Lamentations.

4. The Destruction of Jerusalem
This event, occurring in 586 BC at the hands of the Babylonians, is the backdrop for the book of Lamentations. It represents a period of intense suffering and reflection for the Jewish people.

5. The Prophets
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, the prophets, including Jeremiah, warned of Jerusalem's impending doom due to the people's disobedience to God.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Disobedience
The destruction of Jerusalem serves as a powerful reminder of the consequences of turning away from God. It calls us to examine our own lives and ensure we are walking in obedience to His commands.

The Reality of Judgment
God's judgment is real and just. While His patience is great, persistent rebellion leads to consequences. This should instill a healthy fear of the Lord and a desire to live righteously.

The Pain of Mockery
The mockery from passersby highlights the pain of public shame and humiliation. As believers, we should be sensitive to the suffering of others and offer compassion rather than judgment.

Hope for Restoration
Despite the devastation, there is always hope for restoration. God's promises of redemption and renewal are available to those who turn back to Him with sincere hearts.

The Importance of Intercession
Just as the prophets interceded for Jerusalem, we are called to pray for our communities and nations, seeking God's mercy and intervention in times of crisis.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the description of Jerusalem in Lamentations 2:15 compare to its portrayal in other parts of the Bible, such as Psalm 48?

2. What lessons can we learn from the reactions of the passersby, and how can we apply these lessons in our interactions with others who are suffering?

3. In what ways does the destruction of Jerusalem serve as a warning for us today regarding the consequences of disobedience to God?

4. How can we find hope and encouragement in the midst of judgment and suffering, as seen in the book of Lamentations?

5. What role does intercession play in seeking God's mercy for our communities, and how can we actively engage in this practice?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Psalm 48
This psalm describes Jerusalem as the "joy of the whole earth," highlighting the stark contrast between its former glory and its current desolation as described in Lamentations 2:15.

Isaiah 64
This chapter includes a plea for God to remember His people and restore Jerusalem, reflecting the deep longing for redemption and restoration.

Matthew 23
Jesus laments over Jerusalem, echoing the sorrow and compassion found in Lamentations, and foreshadowing future judgment due to the city's rejection of Him.
Deriding the DistressedJ. Udall.Lamentations 2:15
Exultation Over the FallenJ. Parker, D. D.Lamentations 2:15
The Call to PrayerW. F. Adeney, M. A.Lamentations 2:15
The Glory and the Shame of JerusalemJ.R. Thomson Lamentations 2:15
People
Jacob, Jeremiah
Places
Jerusalem, Zion
Topics
Along, Beautiful, Beauty, Clap, Clapped, Crown, Daughter, Derision, Hands, Heads, Hiss, Hissed, Hisses, Jerusalem, Joy, Noise, Pass, Passing, Perfection, Saying, Scoff, Shake, Shaking, Town, Wag
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Lamentations 2:15

     4040   beauty
     5142   clapping
     5156   hand
     5157   head

Lamentations 2:13-15

     7241   Jerusalem, significance

Lamentations 2:15-16

     5550   speech, negative
     8817   ridicule, objects of

Lamentations 2:15-17

     8819   scoffing

Library
Watch-Night Service
"Ye virgin souls, arise! With all the dead awake; Unto salvation wise; Oil in your vessels take: Upstarting at the MIDNIGHT CRY, Behold Your heavenly bridegroom nigh." Two brethren then offered prayer for the Church and the World, that the new year might be clothed with glory by the spread of the knowledge of Jesus.--Then followed the EXPOSITION Psalm 90:1-22 "Lord, thou hast been our dwelling place in all generations. Yea Jehovah, WE, they children, can say that thou hast been our home, our safe
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 2: 1856

Chel. The Court of the Women.
The Court of the Gentiles compassed the Temple and the courts on every side. The same also did Chel, or the Ante-murale. "That space was ten cubits broad, divided from the Court of the Gentiles by a fence, ten hand-breadths high; in which were thirteen breaches, which the kings of Greece had made: but the Jews had again repaired them, and had appointed thirteen adorations answering to them." Maimonides writes: "Inwards" (from the Court of the Gentiles) "was a fence, that encompassed on every side,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Appendix ix. List of Old Testament Passages Messianically Applied in Ancient Rabbinic Writings
THE following list contains the passages in the Old Testament applied to the Messiah or to Messianic times in the most ancient Jewish writings. They amount in all to 456, thus distributed: 75 from the Pentateuch, 243 from the Prophets, and 138 from the Hagiorgrapha, and supported by more than 558 separate quotations from Rabbinic writings. Despite all labour care, it can scarcely be hoped that the list is quite complete, although, it is hoped, no important passage has been omitted. The Rabbinic references
Alfred Edersheim—The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah

Departure from Ireland. Death and Burial at Clairvaux.
[Sidenote: 1148, May (?)] 67. (30). Being asked once, in what place, if a choice were given him, he would prefer to spend his last day--for on this subject the brothers used to ask one another what place each would select for himself--he hesitated, and made no reply. But when they insisted, he said, "If I take my departure hence[821] I shall do so nowhere more gladly than whence I may rise together with our Apostle"[822]--he referred to St. Patrick; "but if it behoves me to make a pilgrimage, and
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

That the Ruler Should be Discreet in Keeping Silence, Profitable in Speech.
The ruler should be discreet in keeping silence, profitable in speech; lest he either utter what ought to be suppressed or suppress what he ought to utter. For, as incautious speaking leads into error, so indiscreet silence leaves in error those who might have been instructed. For often improvident rulers, fearing to lose human favour, shrink timidly from speaking freely the things that are right; and, according to the voice of the Truth (Joh. x. 12), serve unto the custody of the flock by no means
Leo the Great—Writings of Leo the Great

Lii. Concerning Hypocrisy, Worldly Anxiety, Watchfulness, and his Approaching Passion.
(Galilee.) ^C Luke XII. 1-59. ^c 1 In the meantime [that is, while these things were occurring in the Pharisee's house], when the many thousands of the multitude were gathered together, insomuch that they trod one upon another [in their eagerness to get near enough to Jesus to see and hear] , he began to say unto his disciples first of all [that is, as the first or most appropriate lesson], Beware ye of the leaven of the Pharisees, which is hypocrisy. [This admonition is the key to the understanding
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Lamentations
The book familiarly known as the Lamentations consists of four elegies[1] (i., ii., iii., iv.) and a prayer (v.). The general theme of the elegies is the sorrow and desolation created by the destruction of Jerusalem[2] in 586 B.C.: the last poem (v.) is a prayer for deliverance from the long continued distress. The elegies are all alphabetic, and like most alphabetic poems (cf. Ps. cxix.) are marked by little continuity of thought. The first poem is a lament over Jerusalem, bereft, by the siege,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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