Joshua 21:10
to the descendants of Aaron from the Kohathite clans of the Levites, because the first lot fell to them:
to the descendants of Aaron

Aaron’s descendants were appointed to Israel’s priesthood, serving at the altar and guarding the holiness of the tabernacle and later the temple. Their ministry of sacrifice and intercession pointed beyond itself to Jesus Christ, the final and perfect High Priest who brings His people to God through His own sacrifice.

Num 18:1-7 So the LORD said to Aaron, “You and your sons…
1Ch 6:49-53 But Aaron and his sons did all the work of the Most Holy…

from the Kohathite clans of the Levites,

The Kohathites bore responsibility for the most holy furnishings of the sanctuary, including the ark and the altars. Aaron’s priestly household came from this Levitical division, joining priestly service to the care of the sacred things entrusted to Israel’s worship.

Num 3:27-32 From Kohath came the clans of the Amramites…
Num 4:1-15 Then the LORD said to Moses and Aaron,…

because the first lot fell to them:

The cities assigned to the Levites were distributed by lot under God’s direction. The first allotment went to Aaron’s descendants, providing priestly families with places to live among the tribes they were called to serve. God’s ordering of the allotment ensured that worship, instruction, sacrifice, and spiritual oversight remained woven into the life of the whole nation.

1Ch 6:54-55 Now these were the territories assigned to the Aaronites…
Num 26:55-56 Indeed, the land must be divided by lot;…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Aaron
The first high priest of Israel, brother of Moses, and ancestor of the priestly line. His descendants were given specific cities as part of their inheritance.

2. Kohathite Clans
A division of the Levites, descendants of Kohath, one of Levi's sons. They were responsible for the care of the sanctuary's most sacred objects.

3. Levites
The tribe set apart for religious duties and service to the tabernacle and later the temple. They did not receive a territorial inheritance like the other tribes but were given cities to dwell in.

4. The First Lot
Refers to the method of distributing the land among the tribes and clans of Israel. The casting of lots was seen as a way to discern God's will.

5. Inheritance
The allocation of land and cities to the tribes of Israel, which was a fulfillment of God's promises to the patriarchs.
Teaching Points
God's Faithfulness in Fulfillment
God's allocation of cities to the Levites demonstrates His faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to the patriarchs and His care for those set apart for His service.

The Role of the Priesthood
The priesthood's role in Israel was crucial for maintaining the spiritual health of the nation. This highlights the importance of spiritual leadership and service in the church today.

Inheritance Beyond Land
The Levites' inheritance was not land but the privilege of serving God. This teaches us to value spiritual blessings and service over material possessions.

Divine Order and Structure
The casting of lots and the specific allocation of cities show God's order and structure in His plans, reminding us of the importance of seeking His guidance in our decisions.

Community and Provision
The provision of cities for the Levites within other tribes' territories illustrates the importance of community support and interdependence among God's people.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the allocation of cities to the Levites reflect God's faithfulness to His promises?

2. In what ways can we, like the Levites, find our inheritance in serving God rather than in material possessions?

3. How does the role of the priesthood in the Old Testament inform our understanding of spiritual leadership in the church today?

4. What can we learn from the method of casting lots about seeking God's guidance in our own decision-making processes?

5. How can the concept of community support seen in the Levites' provision be applied to our church communities today?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Numbers 18
Discusses the duties and privileges of the Levites and the priesthood, providing context for why the descendants of Aaron received specific cities.

1 Chronicles 6
Lists the genealogies of the Levites, including the Kohathites, and details their assigned cities, reinforcing the historical and spiritual significance of their role.

Hebrews 7
Explores the priesthood of Jesus as superior to the Levitical priesthood, offering a New Testament perspective on the priestly lineage.
Divine FaithfulnessR. Hall, M. A.Joshua 21:1-45
Ministers Liberally TreatedC. Ness.Joshua 21:1-45
Ministers Wisely LocatedW. Seaton.Joshua 21:1-45
The Divine Fidelity AcknowledgedA. Maclaren, D. D.Joshua 21:1-45
The Supreme WorkerA. Maclaren, D. D.Joshua 21:1-45
The Triumphant Record of God's FaithfulnessA. Maclaren, D. D.Joshua 21:1-45
People
Aaron, Abdon, Anak, Anathoth, Arba, Asher, Benjamin, Bezer, Caleb, Dan, Debir, Eleazar, Eshtemoa, Gad, Gershon, Gershonites, Gersonites, Gibeon, Israelites, Issachar, Jephunneh, Joshua, Kohath, Kohathites, Levi, Levites, Manasseh, Merari, Naphtali, Nun, Rehob, Reuben, Simeon, Simeonites, Zebulun
Places
Abdon, Aijalon, Ain, Almon, Anathoth, Bashan, Beeshterah, Beth-horon, Beth-shemesh, Bezer, Canaan, Daberath, Debir, Elteke, En-gannim, Eshtemoa, Galilee, Gath-rimmon, Geba, Gezer, Gibbethon, Gibeon, Gilead, Golan, Hammoth-dor, Hebron, Helkath, Heshbon, Holon, Jahaz, Jarmuth, Jattir, Jazer, Jokneam, Juttah, Kartah, Kartan, Kedemoth, Kedesh, Kibzaim, Kiriath-arba, Kishion, Libnah, Mahanaim, Mephaath, Mishal, Nahalal, Ramoth, Rehob, Shechem, Shiloh, Taanach
Topics
Aaron, Assigned, Belonged, Clans, Descendants, Distribution, Families, Fell, Kohathite, Kohathites, Ko'hathites, Levi, Levites, Lot, Sons, Theirs
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Joshua 21:1-42

     7266   tribes of Israel

Library
October 8. "There Failed not Aught of any Good Thing which the Lord had Spoken" (Josh. xxi. 45).
"There failed not aught of any good thing which the Lord had spoken" (Josh. xxi. 45). Some day, even you, trembling, faltering one, shall stand upon those heights and look back upon all you have passed through, all you have narrowly escaped, all the perils through which He guided you, the stumblings through which He guarded you, and the sins from which He saved you; and you shall shout, with a meaning you cannot understand now, "Salvation unto Him who sitteth upon the throne, and unto the Lamb."
Rev. A. B. Simpson—Days of Heaven Upon Earth

The End of the War
'And the Lord gave unto Israel all the land which He sware to give unto their fathers; and they possessed it, and dwelt therein. 44. And the Lord gave them rest round about, according to all that He sware unto their fathers: and there stood not a man of all their enemies before them; the Lord delivered all their enemies into their hand. 45. There failed not ought of any good thing which the Lord had spoken unto the house of Israel; all came to pass. 'Then Joshua called the Reubenites, and the Gadites,
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Mountainous Country of Judea.
"What is the mountainous country of Judea? It is the king's mountain." However Judea, here and there, doth swell out much with mountains, yet its chief swelling appears in that broad back of mountains, that runs from the utmost southern cost as far as Hebron, and almost as Jerusalem itself. Which the Holy Scripture called "The hill-country of Judah," Joshua 21:11; Luke 1:39. Unless I am very much mistaken,--the maps of Adricomus, Tirinius, and others, ought to be corrected, which have feigned to
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Divers Matters.
I. Beth-cerem, Nehemiah 3:14. "The stones, as well of the altar, as of the ascent to the altar, were from the valley of Beth-cerem, which they digged out beneath the barren land. And thence they are wont to bring whole stones, upon which the working iron came not." The fathers of the traditions, treating concerning the blood of women's terms, reckon up five colours of it; among which that, "which is like the water of the earth, out of the valley of Beth-cerem."--Where the Gloss writes thus, "Beth-cerem
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Nob. Bahurim.
That Nob was placed in the land of Benjamin, not far from Jerusalem, whence Jerusalem also might be seen,--the words of the Chaldee paraphrast, upon Isaiah 10:32, do argue. For so he speaks; "Sennacherib came and stood in Nob, a city of the priests, before the walls of Jerusalem; and said to his army, 'Is not this the city of Jerusalem, against which I have raised my whole army, and have subdued all the provinces of it? Is it not small and weak in comparison of all the fortifications of the Gentiles,
John Lightfoot—From the Talmud and Hebraica

Joshua
The book of Joshua is the natural complement of the Pentateuch. Moses is dead, but the people are on the verge of the promised land, and the story of early Israel would be incomplete, did it not record the conquest of that land and her establishment upon it. The divine purpose moves restlessly on, until it is accomplished; so "after the death of Moses, Jehovah spake to Joshua," i. 1. The book falls naturally into three divisions: (a) the conquest of Canaan (i.-xii.), (b) the settlement of the
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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