Joshua 2:11

When we heard this, our hearts melted and everyone's courage failed because of you, for the LORD your God is God in the heavens above and on the earth below.

Study Bible

When we heard this
This phrase indicates the reaction of the people of Jericho upon hearing about the miraculous events that God performed for the Israelites. The Hebrew root for "heard" is "שָׁמַע" (shama), which implies not just hearing but understanding and internalizing the message. This suggests that the news of God's mighty acts had a profound impact on the people, stirring fear and recognition of His power. Historically, the reputation of the Israelites and their God preceded them, causing dread among the inhabitants of Canaan.

our hearts melted
The phrase "our hearts melted" is a vivid expression of fear and despair. The Hebrew word "מוּג" (mug) conveys the idea of being dissolved or fainting. This reflects the complete loss of courage and hope among the people of Jericho. In the ancient Near Eastern context, the heart was considered the seat of courage and emotion, so a melting heart signifies utter demoralization. This reaction underscores the psychological warfare that God waged on behalf of Israel, preparing the way for their conquest.

and everyone's courage failed
This phrase further emphasizes the total collapse of morale among the Canaanites. The Hebrew word "רוּחַ" (ruach) for "courage" can also mean spirit or breath, indicating that the very life force of the people was drained. The historical context shows that the Canaanites were aware of the Israelites' victories over the Amorite kings, Sihon and Og, which contributed to their fear. This loss of courage is a testament to the overwhelming power and presence of God, who fights for His people.

because of you
The phrase "because of you" highlights the direct impact that the Israelites, as God's chosen people, had on the surrounding nations. It was not merely the Israelites themselves but the God who was with them that caused such fear. This reflects the biblical theme of God using His people to demonstrate His power and glory to the nations. The Israelites were instruments of God's judgment and blessing, fulfilling His promises to Abraham about making his descendants a great nation.

For the LORD your God
This declaration acknowledges the God of Israel as the source of the fear and awe that gripped Jericho. The use of "LORD" (YHWH) signifies the covenant name of God, emphasizing His faithfulness and sovereignty. The acknowledgment by Rahab, a Canaanite, of the LORD as God, is significant in the biblical narrative, showing that God's renown was spreading beyond Israel. It also foreshadows the inclusion of Gentiles in God's redemptive plan.

is God in heaven above and on the earth below
This statement is a profound theological confession of God's universal sovereignty. The phrase "in heaven above and on the earth below" encompasses all of creation, affirming that there is no realm outside of God's dominion. In the ancient world, gods were often seen as territorial, but Rahab's confession recognizes the LORD as the supreme God over all. This acknowledgment by a non-Israelite highlights the biblical truth that God's authority and power are unmatched and extend over all nations and peoples.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Rahab
A Canaanite woman living in Jericho who recognized the power of the God of Israel and helped the Israelite spies.

2. Israelite Spies
Sent by Joshua to scout the land of Jericho, they were hidden by Rahab.

3. Jericho
A fortified city in Canaan, significant as the first city conquered by the Israelites in their campaign to take the Promised Land.

4. The LORD (Yahweh)
The God of Israel, acknowledged by Rahab as the supreme God of heaven and earth.

5. The Fear of the LORD
The reaction of the people of Jericho upon hearing of the Israelites' victories, leading to their hearts melting in fear.

Teaching Points

Recognition of God's Sovereignty
Rahab's acknowledgment of God as supreme challenges us to recognize His authority in our lives.

The Power of Testimony
The fear of Jericho's inhabitants was based on the testimony of God's works. Our lives should testify to God's power and faithfulness.

Faith in Action
Rahab's faith was demonstrated through her actions. True faith is active and leads to obedience.

God's Grace and Inclusion
Rahab, a non-Israelite, was included in God's plan, showing His grace and the inclusivity of His covenant.

Courage in the Face of Fear
Despite the fear surrounding her, Rahab acted courageously. We are called to act in faith even when afraid.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Rahab's recognition of God's sovereignty challenge your understanding of His role in your life?

2. In what ways can your life serve as a testimony to God's power and faithfulness to those around you?

3. How does Rahab's account encourage you to put your faith into action, even in difficult circumstances?

4. What does Rahab's inclusion in God's plan teach us about God's grace and the scope of His covenant?

5. How can you find courage to act in faith when faced with fear, as Rahab did? Consider other biblical examples of courage in the face of fear.

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 15:14-16
The fear of the nations upon hearing of God's mighty acts parallels the fear of Jericho's inhabitants.

Deuteronomy 4:39
Affirms the truth Rahab declares about God being sovereign over heaven and earth.

Hebrews 11:31
Highlights Rahab's faith, which led to her being spared during the destruction of Jericho.

James 2:25
Discusses Rahab's actions as an example of faith demonstrated through works.