Joshua 11:10

At that time Joshua turned back and captured Hazor and put its king to the sword, because Hazor was formerly the head of all these kingdoms.

Study Bible

At that time
This phrase situates the events within a specific historical context, indicating a continuation of the conquest narrative. The Hebrew root for "time" is "עֵת" (et), which often signifies a divinely appointed moment. This suggests that Joshua's actions were not random but orchestrated within God's sovereign timeline, emphasizing the divine orchestration in Israel's conquest of Canaan.

Joshua turned back
The act of turning back implies a strategic decision. The Hebrew verb "שׁוּב" (shuv) means to return or turn back, often used in the context of repentance or a change in direction. Here, it underscores Joshua's leadership and tactical acumen, as he revisits a key location to ensure complete victory. This reflects the importance of thoroughness and obedience in fulfilling God's commands.

captured Hazor
Hazor was a significant Canaanite city, known from archaeological findings as a major urban center in the region. The Hebrew "לָכַד" (lakad) means to capture or seize, indicating a decisive military victory. Hazor's capture symbolizes the breaking of Canaanite power, as it was a leading city. This victory demonstrates God's power to overcome formidable obstacles and fulfill His promises to Israel.

struck down its king with the sword
The phrase highlights the execution of judgment. The Hebrew "נָכָה" (nakah) means to strike or smite, often used in the context of divine judgment. The sword, "חֶרֶב" (cherev), is a symbol of justice and authority. This act signifies the removal of leadership that opposed God's people, illustrating the theme of divine justice against those who resist God's will.

because Hazor had formerly been the head of all these kingdoms
This provides historical context, indicating Hazor's prominence. The Hebrew "רֹאשׁ" (rosh) means head or chief, denoting leadership and influence. Hazor's status as the head of these kingdoms underscores the significance of its defeat. It represents the dismantling of a coalition against Israel, affirming God's promise to give the land to His people and demonstrating His supremacy over earthly powers.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Joshua
The leader of the Israelites after Moses, tasked with leading the people into the Promised Land and conquering it as God commanded.

2. Hazor
A significant Canaanite city, described as the head of all the kingdoms in the region. Its capture was crucial for the Israelites' conquest of Canaan.

3. King of Hazor
The ruler of Hazor, who was defeated and killed by Joshua. His defeat symbolized the fall of a major power in Canaan.

4. Conquest of Canaan
The broader campaign led by Joshua to take possession of the land promised to the Israelites by God.

5. Israelites
The people of God, descendants of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, who were fulfilling God's promise by taking possession of the land.

Teaching Points

Obedience to God's Commands
Joshua's actions demonstrate the importance of following God's instructions fully, as partial obedience can lead to future problems.

God's Sovereignty in Battle
The capture of Hazor illustrates that God is the ultimate authority in battles, and victory comes through His power and guidance.

The Consequences of Sin
The destruction of Hazor serves as a reminder of the consequences of sin and rebellion against God, as the Canaanite cities were judged for their wickedness.

Leadership and Responsibility
Joshua's leadership highlights the responsibility of leaders to guide their people in accordance with God's will, ensuring that His purposes are fulfilled.

Trust in God's Promises
The conquest of Canaan, including Hazor, is a testament to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to His people.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Joshua's obedience in capturing Hazor reflect the importance of following God's commands in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we see God's sovereignty and power at work in the battles we face today, similar to how He worked in Joshua's time?

3. What lessons can we learn from the destruction of Hazor about the consequences of sin and rebellion against God?

4. How can Joshua's leadership inspire us to take responsibility in our own roles, whether in family, church, or community?

5. How does the fulfillment of God's promises in the conquest of Canaan encourage us to trust in His promises for our lives today?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 7:1-2
This passage outlines God's command to the Israelites to conquer and utterly destroy the nations in Canaan, including Hazor, as part of His covenant promise.

Judges 4-5
These chapters recount the later oppression of Israel by Jabin, king of Hazor, and the subsequent deliverance through Deborah and Barak, showing the ongoing significance of Hazor in Israel's history.

Psalm 44:3
This verse emphasizes that Israel's victories were not by their own strength but by God's power, a theme evident in Joshua's conquests.