Deuteronomy 15:1

At the end of every seven years you must cancel debts.

Study Bible

At the end of every seven years
This phrase introduces the concept of the "Sabbatical Year," a significant aspect of the Mosaic Law. The number seven in Hebrew culture is symbolic of completion and perfection, often associated with God's creation and rest. The Hebrew word for "seven" is "שֶׁבַע" (sheva), which is closely related to "שָׁבַת" (shabbat), meaning to cease or rest. This cyclical period of seven years reflects God's design for rest and renewal, not only for the land but also for the community. Historically, this practice would have served as a reminder of God's provision and sovereignty, encouraging trust in His timing and care.

you must cancel debts
The Hebrew term used here is "שָׁמַט" (shamat), which means to release or let drop. This commandment is a profound expression of God's mercy and justice, ensuring that economic disparities do not become entrenched within the Israelite society. By canceling debts, the Israelites were reminded of their own redemption from slavery in Egypt, as they were called to extend grace and freedom to their fellow countrymen. This practice also foreshadows the ultimate forgiveness and release found in Christ, who cancels the debt of sin for believers. In a historical context, this would have been a radical economic reset, promoting social equality and preventing the accumulation of generational poverty. It underscores the biblical principle that all resources ultimately belong to God, and His people are stewards called to reflect His character in their dealings with one another.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The author of Deuteronomy, who is delivering God's laws to the Israelites.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, to whom the laws are given.

3. Sabbatical Year
A year of rest and release, occurring every seven years, during which debts are to be canceled.

4. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, where the Israelites are to implement these laws.

5. God
The divine lawgiver who commands the cancellation of debts as part of His covenant with Israel.

Teaching Points

Principle of Release
The command to cancel debts every seven years teaches us about God's heart for mercy and liberation. It reminds us of the importance of releasing others from burdens and practicing forgiveness in our own lives.

Trust in God's Provision
The Sabbatical year required faith in God's provision, as the Israelites were to rely on what the land produced naturally. This challenges us to trust God in our financial and material needs, knowing He is our ultimate provider.

Social Justice and Compassion
The cancellation of debts was a means to prevent systemic poverty and ensure social equity. As Christians, we are called to advocate for justice and show compassion to those in need, reflecting God's care for the marginalized.

Rhythm of Rest
The Sabbatical year underscores the importance of rest and renewal, not just for the land but for individuals and communities. We should incorporate regular times of rest and reflection in our lives to maintain spiritual and physical health.

Foreshadowing of Christ's Redemption
The release of debts points to the ultimate release from sin through Jesus Christ. As believers, we are called to live in the freedom Christ provides and extend that grace to others.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of debt cancellation in Deuteronomy 15:1 reflect God's character and His intentions for His people?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of release and forgiveness in our personal relationships today?

3. How does the practice of the Sabbatical year challenge our modern views on wealth, debt, and materialism?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to advocate for social justice and support those in financial need within our communities?

5. How does the theme of release in Deuteronomy 15:1 connect to the redemptive work of Christ, and how can this understanding impact our daily lives?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 23:10-11
Discusses the Sabbatical year, emphasizing rest for the land and provision for the poor, which complements the debt cancellation.

Leviticus 25:1-7
Provides further details on the Sabbatical year, highlighting the importance of rest and reliance on God's provision.

Matthew 6:12
In the Lord's Prayer, Jesus teaches about forgiving debts, reflecting the spirit of mercy and release found in Deuteronomy 15:1.

Luke 4:18-19
Jesus proclaims the year of the Lord's favor, echoing the themes of release and freedom inherent in the Sabbatical year.

Romans 13:8
Encourages believers to owe nothing except love, aligning with the principle of debt cancellation and relational harmony.