2 Samuel 20:21

That is not the case. But a man named Sheba son of Bichri, from the hill country of Ephraim, has lifted up his hand against the king, against David. Deliver him alone, and I will depart from the city." "Look," the woman replied, "his head will be thrown to you over the wall."

Study Bible

That is not the case
This phrase indicates a clarification or correction of a misunderstanding. In the Hebrew context, it reflects a common narrative device where a character corrects a false assumption. The speaker, a wise woman, is addressing Joab, the commander of David's army, to clarify the situation and prevent unnecessary bloodshed. This highlights the importance of wisdom and discernment in leadership and conflict resolution.

But a man named Sheba son of Bichri
Sheba, identified as the son of Bichri, is a Benjamite who instigated a rebellion against King David. The mention of his lineage underscores the tribal tensions present in Israel at the time. The Benjamites, once loyal to Saul, may have harbored resentment towards David's rule. This historical context reveals the ongoing struggle for unity within the nation of Israel.

from the hill country of Ephraim
Ephraim was a significant tribe in Israel, often associated with strength and influence. The hill country of Ephraim was a strategic location, providing a natural fortress. This geographical detail emphasizes the potential threat posed by Sheba's rebellion, as it suggests he had a stronghold in a region known for its military advantages.

has lifted up his hand against King David
"Lifting up the hand" is a Hebrew idiom for rebellion or defiance. In this context, it signifies Sheba's open revolt against the anointed king, David. This act of rebellion is not just against a political leader but against God's chosen king, highlighting the spiritual implications of Sheba's actions. It serves as a reminder of the divine authority vested in David's kingship.

Hand over this one man, and I will withdraw from the city
Joab's demand for Sheba's surrender reflects a common ancient practice of resolving conflicts by sacrificing a single individual to save a larger group. This phrase underscores the value of justice and the principle of individual accountability. It also illustrates Joab's strategic thinking, aiming to minimize casualties and restore peace swiftly.

But the woman replied to Joab
The wise woman's response to Joab showcases her role as a mediator and peacemaker. In a patriarchal society, her voice and wisdom are noteworthy, demonstrating that God can use anyone, regardless of gender, to fulfill His purposes. Her intervention is a testament to the power of wisdom and courage in the face of conflict.

Look, his head will be thrown to you over the wall
This phrase indicates the woman's decisive action to resolve the conflict by delivering Sheba's head to Joab. It reflects the harsh realities of ancient justice and the lengths to which people would go to preserve their community. Her statement is both literal and symbolic, representing the removal of rebellion and the restoration of order. It serves as a sobering reminder of the consequences of defying God's anointed leadership.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Sheba son of Bichri
A Benjamite who led a rebellion against King David, causing division in Israel.

2. Joab
The commander of David's army, tasked with quelling Sheba's rebellion.

3. The Wise Woman of Abel
A woman from the city of Abel Beth Maacah who negotiates with Joab to save her city.

4. Abel Beth Maacah
A fortified city in northern Israel where Sheba sought refuge.

5. King David
The anointed king of Israel, against whom Sheba rebelled.

Teaching Points

The Power of Wisdom and Negotiation
The wise woman of Abel demonstrates how wisdom and negotiation can prevent unnecessary violence and save lives. In our lives, we should seek peaceful resolutions and use wisdom to address conflicts.

The Consequences of Rebellion
Sheba's rebellion against King David serves as a reminder of the consequences of defying God-ordained authority. We should respect and uphold the authorities God has placed in our lives, understanding the potential consequences of rebellion.

The Role of Women in God's Plan
The wise woman's pivotal role in resolving the conflict highlights the significant impact women can have in God's plan. We should recognize and value the contributions of women in our communities and churches.

The Importance of Justice
Joab's demand for Sheba alone reflects a pursuit of justice rather than indiscriminate punishment. In our dealings, we should strive for justice that is fair and targeted, avoiding collateral damage.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the wise woman's approach to Joab reflect the biblical principle of peacemaking, and how can we apply this in our daily conflicts?

2. In what ways does Sheba's rebellion against King David illustrate the dangers of rejecting God-given authority, and how can we guard against similar attitudes in our lives?

3. How does the account of the wise woman of Abel compare to other biblical accounts of women who played crucial roles in God's plan, such as Deborah or Esther?

4. What lessons can we learn from Joab's demand for justice in dealing with Sheba, and how can we apply these principles in our pursuit of justice today?

5. How can the account of Sheba and the wise woman of Abel inspire us to use our influence and wisdom to bring about positive change in our communities?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 25
The account of Abigail, another wise woman who intervened to prevent bloodshed, parallels the wise woman's actions in Abel.

Proverbs 21:22
This verse speaks to the wisdom that can overcome physical strength, as demonstrated by the wise woman's negotiation.

Matthew 5:9
Jesus' teaching on peacemakers can be seen in the actions of the wise woman who sought to prevent destruction.