2 Chronicles 1:16

Solomon's horses were imported from Egypt and Kue; the royal merchants purchased them from Kue.

Study Bible

Solomon’s horses
The mention of "Solomon’s horses" highlights the wealth and power of King Solomon's reign. Horses were a symbol of military strength and prestige in ancient times. The Hebrew word for horses, "סוּס" (sus), indicates not just the animals themselves but also the chariots and cavalry that were essential for a strong military. Solomon's accumulation of horses demonstrates his strategic acumen and the prosperity of his kingdom, aligning with the biblical narrative of his wisdom and wealth.

imported from Egypt
Egypt was renowned for its horses and chariots, making it a significant source for these valuable assets. The Hebrew term "מִצְרַיִם" (Mitzrayim) refers to Egypt, a land with a long history of breeding and training horses. This importation signifies the international trade relationships Solomon established, reflecting his diplomatic skills and the peaceful conditions that allowed for such commerce. It also fulfills the biblical prophecy of Israel's kings not multiplying horses from Egypt (Deuteronomy 17:16), showing a tension between divine command and royal practice.

and Kue
Kue, also known as Cilicia, was a region in modern-day Turkey. The mention of Kue indicates the extensive reach of Solomon's trade networks. The Hebrew "קוּא" (Kue) suggests a place known for its resources, possibly including horses. This connection underscores Solomon's ability to secure resources from distant lands, enhancing his kingdom's wealth and military capabilities.

the royal merchants
The phrase "the royal merchants" refers to the officials or traders appointed by Solomon to manage these transactions. The Hebrew "סֹחֲרֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ" (socharei hamelech) implies a structured and organized system of trade under the king's authority. This reflects the administrative sophistication of Solomon's reign, where commerce was a key component of the kingdom's prosperity.

purchased them
The act of purchasing, indicated by the Hebrew "יָקְנוּ" (yaknu), shows a formal and legal transaction. This highlights the economic practices of the time, where trade was conducted through established channels. It also suggests Solomon's commitment to acquiring the best resources for his kingdom, ensuring that his military and economic power were maintained.

from Kue
Reiterating the source of the horses, "from Kue" emphasizes the importance of this region in Solomon's trade network. The repetition underscores the strategic alliances and the flow of goods that contributed to the wealth and stability of Solomon's reign. It also reflects the interconnectedness of ancient Near Eastern economies and the role of Israel within that system.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
The son of King David and Bathsheba, Solomon was the third king of Israel, known for his wisdom, wealth, and building projects, including the First Temple in Jerusalem.

2. Egypt
A significant ancient civilization located in Northeast Africa, Egypt was often a place of refuge or trade for Israel, though it also represented a place of bondage and idolatry in Israel's history.

3. Kue
Also known as Cilicia, Kue was a region in what is now modern-day Turkey. It was known for its horses and was a significant trade partner with Israel during Solomon's reign.

4. Royal Merchants
These were officials or traders appointed by Solomon to conduct trade on behalf of the kingdom, ensuring the supply of horses and other goods.

5. Horses
In ancient times, horses were symbols of military power and wealth. Solomon's acquisition of horses from Egypt and Kue indicates his kingdom's prosperity and military strength.

Teaching Points

Wisdom and Wealth
Solomon's wealth and wisdom were gifts from God, but they also came with responsibilities. Believers should seek God's wisdom in how they manage their resources and influence.

Obedience to God's Commands
Despite Solomon's wisdom, his actions in acquiring horses from Egypt may reflect a disobedience to God's commands. Christians are reminded to prioritize obedience to God's Word over worldly success.

Trust in God Over Military Might
The acquisition of horses symbolizes reliance on military power. Believers are encouraged to trust in God's protection and provision rather than worldly means.

The Danger of Compromise
Solomon's dealings with Egypt, a nation associated with Israel's past bondage, serve as a warning against compromising one's faith for economic or political gain.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Solomon's acquisition of horses from Egypt and Kue reflect both his wisdom and potential disobedience to God's commands?

2. In what ways can Christians today be tempted to rely on worldly resources or alliances instead of trusting in God?

3. How does the warning in Deuteronomy 17:16 about acquiring horses relate to Solomon's actions, and what lessons can we learn from this?

4. What are some modern-day equivalents of "horses from Egypt" that might tempt believers to compromise their faith?

5. How can we apply the principle of trusting in God over military or economic power in our personal lives and communities?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 17:16
This verse warns Israel's kings not to acquire many horses or return to Egypt to get them, highlighting a potential conflict with Solomon's actions.

1 Kings 10:28-29
These verses provide additional details about Solomon's trade in horses and chariots, emphasizing the extent of his wealth and international influence.

Isaiah 31:1
This verse warns against relying on Egypt for military strength, encouraging trust in God instead, which can be seen as a cautionary backdrop to Solomon's actions.