1 Samuel 19:2

so he warned David, saying, "My father Saul intends to kill you. Be on your guard in the morning; find a secret place and hide there.

Study Bible

So Jonathan warned David
The name "Jonathan" means "Yahweh has given," reflecting his role as a God-given friend and protector to David. Jonathan's loyalty to David, despite his father Saul's animosity, exemplifies the biblical principle of covenant friendship. The Hebrew root for "warned" (נָגַד, nagad) implies making something known or declaring it openly. Jonathan's action is a courageous declaration of truth, prioritizing righteousness and friendship over familial allegiance. This highlights the biblical value of speaking truth and protecting the innocent, even at personal risk.

My father Saul intends to kill you
The phrase "my father Saul" underscores the personal conflict Jonathan faces, torn between his loyalty to his father and his covenant with David. Saul, the first king of Israel, is depicted as a tragic figure whose disobedience to God leads to his downfall. The Hebrew word for "intends" (מְבַקֵּשׁ, mevaqqesh) suggests a determined pursuit, indicating Saul's relentless desire to eliminate David. This reflects the spiritual battle between God's anointed and the forces of jealousy and fear. The narrative invites readers to consider the destructive power of envy and the importance of aligning with God's purposes.

Be on your guard in the morning
The instruction to "be on your guard" (שָׁמַר, shamar) conveys vigilance and careful attention, a recurring biblical theme urging believers to remain spiritually alert. The mention of "the morning" signifies a new beginning, a time of potential danger but also of divine intervention. Biblically, mornings often symbolize hope and renewal, reminding readers of God's faithfulness and the promise of deliverance. This phrase encourages believers to start each day with awareness and trust in God's protection.

find a secret place and hide there
The concept of a "secret place" (סֵתֶר, seter) evokes the idea of divine refuge, as seen in Psalm 91:1, where those who dwell in the "secret place of the Most High" find safety. This imagery underscores God's provision of protection and peace amidst threats. The act of hiding reflects wisdom and prudence, virtues commended in Scripture. It also foreshadows David's future as a fugitive, relying on God's guidance and protection. This phrase inspires believers to seek God's presence as their ultimate refuge and strength in times of trouble.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jonathan
The son of King Saul and a close friend of David. Known for his loyalty and righteousness, Jonathan plays a crucial role in protecting David from Saul's wrath.

2. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and a man after God's own heart. At this point, he is a servant in Saul's court and a target of Saul's jealousy and anger.

3. Saul
The first king of Israel, who has become increasingly unstable and envious of David's success and popularity. His intent to kill David marks a significant turning point in his reign.

4. The Secret Place
While not a specific location, it represents a place of safety and refuge for David, highlighting the need for wisdom and caution in the face of danger.

5. The Warning
Jonathan's warning to David is an act of loyalty and friendship, demonstrating his commitment to God's chosen future king despite his father's intentions.

Teaching Points

The Value of Godly Friendship
Jonathan's loyalty to David exemplifies the importance of having friends who encourage and protect us in our walk with God.

Wisdom in Times of Danger
David's response to Jonathan's warning shows the necessity of being prudent and seeking refuge when faced with threats.

Trust in God's Sovereignty
Despite the danger, David's life is in God's hands. This teaches us to trust in God's plan and timing, even when circumstances seem dire.

Courage to Stand for Righteousness
Jonathan's willingness to go against his father's wishes for the sake of righteousness challenges us to stand firm in our convictions.

The Role of Divine Providence
God's providence is evident in the protection of David, reminding us that God orchestrates events for His purposes and our good.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jonathan's warning to David demonstrate the characteristics of a true friend, and how can we apply this in our own friendships?

2. In what ways does David's response to the threat on his life reflect his faith and trust in God? How can we cultivate a similar trust in our own lives?

3. How does the relationship between Jonathan and David challenge us to prioritize God's will over familial or societal expectations?

4. What can we learn from David's need to find a "secret place" in terms of seeking refuge and safety in God during our own times of trouble?

5. How does the account of Jonathan and David encourage us to act with integrity and courage, even when it may come at a personal cost?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Proverbs 17:17
This verse speaks to the loyalty and love of a true friend, which is exemplified in Jonathan's actions toward David.

Psalm 59
David wrote this psalm when Saul sent men to watch his house in order to kill him. It reflects David's trust in God as his refuge and deliverer.

Matthew 5:44
Jesus' teaching on loving your enemies can be seen in Jonathan's actions, as he seeks to protect David despite his father's hostility.