1 Kings 3:11

So God said to him, "Since you have asked for this instead of requesting long life or wealth for yourself or death for your enemies--but you have asked for discernment to administer justice--

Study Bible

So God said to him
This phrase marks a divine response, indicating a direct communication from God to Solomon. In the Hebrew text, the word for "said" is "אָמַר" (amar), which is often used to denote authoritative speech. This highlights the importance of God's words as a direct revelation and a pivotal moment in Solomon's life. The context here is a dream, a common medium for divine communication in the Old Testament, emphasizing the personal and intimate nature of God's interaction with Solomon.

Since you have requested this
The word "requested" comes from the Hebrew "שָׁאַל" (sha'al), meaning to ask or inquire. This reflects Solomon's active engagement in seeking wisdom, demonstrating his humility and recognition of his own limitations. The phrase underscores the importance of seeking God's guidance and wisdom, a theme prevalent throughout the Scriptures, particularly in the wisdom literature attributed to Solomon himself.

and not asked for long life or wealth for yourself
Here, the focus is on what Solomon did not request. The Hebrew word for "long life" is "יָמִים רַבִּים" (yamim rabbim), and "wealth" is "עֹשֶׁר" (osher). These are common desires of kings and rulers, reflecting human nature's inclination towards self-preservation and prosperity. Solomon's choice to forgo these requests highlights his selflessness and prioritization of his role as a servant leader over personal gain.

nor have you asked for the death of your enemies
This phrase emphasizes Solomon's peaceful intentions. The Hebrew word for "death" is "מָוֶת" (mavet), and "enemies" is "אוֹיֵב" (oyev). In the ancient Near Eastern context, kings often sought the destruction of their adversaries to secure their reign. Solomon's decision not to pursue vengeance or power through violence aligns with the biblical principle of loving one's enemies and seeking peace, as later expounded by Jesus in the New Testament.

but for discernment in administering justice
The word "discernment" is translated from the Hebrew "שָׁמַע" (shama), which means to hear or understand. This request reflects Solomon's desire for a listening heart, capable of understanding and making wise decisions. "Administering justice" is rooted in the Hebrew "מִשְׁפָּט" (mishpat), meaning judgment or justice. This phrase encapsulates the biblical mandate for leaders to uphold justice and righteousness, a central theme in the covenantal relationship between God and Israel. Solomon's request aligns with the divine character, as God is often depicted as the ultimate judge who desires justice and righteousness in His creation.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Solomon
The son of King David and Bathsheba, Solomon is the newly anointed king of Israel. Known for his wisdom, Solomon's reign is marked by peace and prosperity.

2. God
The sovereign Lord who appears to Solomon in a dream, offering him anything he desires. God's response to Solomon's request highlights His approval of Solomon's priorities.

3. Gibeon
The place where Solomon offers sacrifices and where God appears to him in a dream. It is significant as a high place of worship before the temple in Jerusalem is built.

4. Dream
The medium through which God communicates with Solomon, offering him a choice of blessings.

5. Discernment in Administering Justice
The specific request Solomon makes, which pleases God. It reflects Solomon's desire to govern wisely and justly.

Teaching Points

Prioritizing Spiritual Wisdom
Solomon's request for discernment over personal gain teaches us to value spiritual wisdom above material wealth or personal vendettas.

God's Generosity
God's response to Solomon shows His willingness to bless those who seek His wisdom. We are encouraged to approach God with requests that align with His will.

The Role of Justice in Leadership
Solomon's desire for discernment in administering justice highlights the importance of fairness and righteousness in leadership roles.

The Power of Prayer
Solomon's interaction with God demonstrates the power of prayer and the importance of asking God for what we truly need to fulfill His purposes.

God's Approval of Selflessness
Solomon's selfless request is met with God's approval, teaching us that selflessness aligns with God's heart and leads to His blessings.

Bible Study Questions

1. What does Solomon's request for discernment reveal about his character and priorities as a leader?

2. How can we apply Solomon's example of seeking wisdom in our daily decision-making processes?

3. In what ways does Solomon's request align with the teachings of Jesus in the New Testament about seeking God's kingdom first?

4. How does God's response to Solomon encourage us to pray for wisdom in our own lives?

5. What are some practical ways we can prioritize spiritual growth over material gain in our current cultural context?

Connections to Other Scriptures

James 1:5
This verse encourages believers to ask God for wisdom, promising that He gives generously to all without finding fault. It parallels Solomon's request for discernment.

Proverbs 2:6
Written by Solomon, this verse acknowledges that the Lord gives wisdom, and from His mouth come knowledge and understanding, reinforcing the source of true wisdom.

Matthew 6:33
Jesus teaches to seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, and all these things will be added. Solomon's request aligns with this principle of prioritizing spiritual over material blessings.