1 Chronicles 27:8

The fifth, for the fifth month, was the commander Shamhuth the Izrahite. There were 24,000 men in his division.

Study Bible

The fifth
This phrase indicates the order and structure within the military divisions of King David's army. The use of "fifth" reflects the meticulous organization and planning that characterized David's reign. In a broader biblical context, the number five often symbolizes grace and God's goodness. The division of the army into monthly rotations suggests a system that allowed for rest and recovery, demonstrating wisdom in leadership.

for the fifth month
The Hebrew calendar's fifth month is Av, which typically falls around July-August in the Gregorian calendar. This period was significant in Israel's agricultural cycle, often associated with the harvest. The assignment of a commander for each month ensured that the nation was protected year-round, even during critical agricultural periods, highlighting the balance between physical security and economic stability.

was the commander
The role of a commander was one of great responsibility and honor. In Hebrew, the word for commander is "sar," which can also mean prince or leader. This dual meaning underscores the nobility and authority vested in military leaders. Commanders were expected to exhibit not only tactical skill but also moral integrity, serving as examples to their men and the nation.

Shamhuth the Izrahite
Shamhuth, whose name means "desolation" or "astonishment," was a member of the tribe of Izrah, a lesser-known family within the tribe of Judah. His inclusion in this list highlights the diversity and unity within Israel's military forces. Despite his seemingly obscure background, Shamhuth's leadership role signifies that God often chooses unexpected individuals to fulfill His purposes, emphasizing the biblical theme of God using the humble and lowly.

in his division
The term "division" refers to a military unit, specifically one of the twelve divisions of 24,000 men each that served King David. This structure reflects the influence of divine order, as the number twelve often symbolizes completeness and God's authority in Scripture. The division system ensured that the army was always prepared, with each group serving for one month per year, allowing for both readiness and rest.

were 24,000
The number 24,000 signifies a substantial and formidable force, indicative of the strength and preparedness of David's army. In biblical numerology, the number 24 can represent priestly service, as seen in the 24 priestly divisions established by David. This parallel suggests that military service was seen as a sacred duty, with soldiers serving not only their king but also their God. The size of the division underscores the importance of vigilance and readiness in the face of potential threats, a principle that remains relevant for spiritual warfare in the Christian life today.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Shamhuth
He is identified as the commander of the division for the fifth month. His name is of Hebrew origin, possibly meaning "desolation" or "astonishment."

2. Izrahite
This term refers to Shamhuth's lineage or clan, indicating his family background. The Izrahites were likely a family or group within the tribe of Judah.

3. 24,000 Men
This number represents the size of the military division under Shamhuth's command, highlighting the organized and structured nature of King David's army.

4. Fifth Month
This refers to the specific time period in the Hebrew calendar when Shamhuth's division was on duty, illustrating the rotational system of military service.

5. David's Military Organization
The broader context of this verse is the detailed organization of King David's army, which was divided into monthly rotations to ensure readiness and efficiency.

Teaching Points

Godly Leadership and Organization
David's military organization reflects the importance of structure and planning in leadership. Effective leaders are called to organize and prepare diligently, ensuring that their teams are ready for any challenge.

Faithfulness in Service
Shamhuth's role as a commander for a specific month highlights the value of faithfulness in assigned duties. Believers are encouraged to serve faithfully in their roles, trusting that each position is significant in God's plan.

The Importance of Community and Lineage
The mention of Shamhuth as an Izrahite underscores the importance of community and family heritage. Christians are reminded of the value of their spiritual family and the legacy they leave for future generations.

Preparedness and Readiness
The rotational system of military service illustrates the need for constant preparedness. Believers are called to be spiritually ready at all times, equipped to face life's battles with faith and courage.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the organization of David's army reflect principles of godly leadership that can be applied in our personal and professional lives today?

2. In what ways can we demonstrate faithfulness in our current roles, similar to how Shamhuth served as a commander for his assigned month?

3. How does understanding our spiritual heritage and community influence our identity and purpose as Christians?

4. What steps can we take to ensure we are spiritually prepared and ready to face challenges in our daily lives?

5. How can the example of David's military organization inspire us to bring order and structure to areas of our lives that may currently lack it?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Chronicles 27:1-15
This passage provides a broader context for the military divisions, listing other commanders and their respective months of service, emphasizing the structured and strategic nature of David's reign.

2 Samuel 23:8-39
This passage lists David's mighty warriors, providing insight into the valor and capabilities of those who served under him, including commanders like Shamhuth.

Numbers 1:3
This verse discusses the census and organization of Israel's fighting men, which parallels the structured military divisions seen in 1 Chronicles 27.