Lexicon kaphash: To subdue, to bring into bondage, to subject Original Word: כָּפַשׁ Strong's Exhaustive Concordance cover A primitive root; to tread down; figuratively, to humiliate -- cover. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Origina prim. root Definition to make bent, press or bend together NASB Translation cower (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs [כָּפַשׁ] verb only Hiph`il make bent, press or bend together (Late Hebrew Hiph`il id.; כָּפַשׁ furnish a vessel with a bent rim, כּוֺפֶשׁ a broad-rimmed vessel; Arabic Hiph`il Perfect3masculine singular suffix בָּאֵפֶרהִכְמִּישַׁנִי Lamentations 3:16 he made me cower in the ashes. Topical Lexicon Word Origin: A primitive rootCorresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: The concept of treading down or subduing in the Hebrew Bible can be related to several Greek terms in the New Testament that convey similar meanings, such as καταπατέω (katapateo • Strong's Greek 2662), which means to trample or tread down, often used metaphorically to describe the act of disregarding or treating something with contempt. Another related Greek term is ταπεινόω (tapeinoo • Strong's Greek 5013), meaning to humble or bring low, which aligns with the notion of humiliation inherent in כָּפַשׁ. These Greek terms reflect the continuity of the theme of divine justice and humility across both Testaments. Usage: The verb כָּפַשׁ (kafash) is used in the context of subduing or bringing low, often with a connotation of humiliation or oppression. It conveys the act of trampling down or overpowering, typically in a negative or oppressive manner. Context: The Hebrew verb כָּפַשׁ (kafash) appears in the Old Testament with the primary sense of treading down or subduing. This term is often associated with the imagery of trampling underfoot, symbolizing defeat or humiliation. The act of treading down is not merely physical but can also imply a moral or social subjugation, where individuals or nations are brought low or oppressed by a more powerful force. The usage of כָּפַשׁ in the Hebrew Bible reflects the broader theme of divine justice and retribution, where God may allow or cause the humiliation of the proud or the wicked as a form of judgment. This term underscores the biblical principle that those who exalt themselves may be humbled, while those who are humble may be exalted. Forms and Transliterations הִכְפִּישַׁ֖נִי הכפישני hichpiShani hiḵ·pî·ša·nî hiḵpîšanîLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Lamentations 3:16 HEB: בֶּֽחָצָץ֙ שִׁנָּ֔י הִכְפִּישַׁ֖נִי בָּאֵֽפֶר׃ NAS: with gravel; He has made me cower in the dust. KJV: with gravel stones, he hath covered me with ashes. INT: gravel my teeth cower the dust 1 Occurrence |
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have bent or crooked feet; Tel Amarna kappâšu, sole of foot DlHWB 348 (doubtfully), but infinitive from כבשׁ according to WklTel Am. Letters, Vocab.); — 
