Psalm 17:12
like a lion greedy for prey, like a young lion lurking in ambush.
like a lion hungry for prey
This phrase paints a vivid picture of the psalmist's adversaries, comparing them to a lion in pursuit of its prey. The Hebrew word for "lion" here is "אַרי" (ari), which is often used in the Old Testament to symbolize strength, ferocity, and danger. Lions were well-known in the ancient Near East, and their presence in the wild was both feared and respected. The imagery of a "hungry" lion emphasizes the relentless and insatiable nature of the psalmist's enemies. In a spiritual context, this can be seen as a metaphor for the devil, who "prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour" (1 Peter 5:8). The psalmist's use of this imagery underscores the urgency and peril of his situation, driving him to seek God's protection and deliverance.

lurking in ambush
The phrase "lurking in ambush" suggests a calculated and stealthy approach by the psalmist's foes. The Hebrew root "צָפַן" (tsaphan) conveys the idea of hiding or concealing oneself with the intent to attack unexpectedly. This tactic of ambush was common in ancient warfare, where surprise attacks could decisively turn the tide of battle. Spiritually, this can be likened to the subtle and deceptive ways in which evil can infiltrate our lives, often catching us off guard. The psalmist's awareness of such threats highlights the need for vigilance and reliance on God's wisdom and guidance. It serves as a reminder that while the enemy may be cunning, God's protection is ever-present for those who seek refuge in Him.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The author of Psalm 17, David is expressing his plea for God's protection against his enemies. He often uses vivid imagery to describe the threats he faces.

2. Enemies
Though not named specifically in this verse, David's enemies are likened to lions, symbolizing their ferocity and intent to harm.

3. Lion
A powerful and fearsome predator, the lion is used metaphorically to describe the danger and aggression of David's adversaries.

4. Ambush
This term indicates a hidden or surprise attack, emphasizing the stealth and cunning of David's enemies.
Teaching Points
Vigilance Against Spiritual Threats
Just as David was aware of the physical threats from his enemies, Christians must be vigilant against spiritual threats, recognizing the devil's tactics and staying grounded in faith.

Trust in God's Protection
Despite the ferocity of his enemies, David's psalm is ultimately a prayer for divine protection. Believers are encouraged to trust in God's ability to safeguard them from harm.

The Power of Prayer
David's response to danger is to pray. This teaches the importance of turning to God in times of trouble, seeking His guidance and protection.

Recognizing the Enemy's Tactics
Understanding that the enemy often uses stealth and deception, Christians should be discerning and wise, relying on the Holy Spirit for insight.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the imagery of a lion in Psalm 17:12 help us understand the nature of David's enemies?

2. In what ways can we apply the vigilance described in 1 Peter 5:8 to our daily spiritual lives?

3. How does David's approach to prayer in the face of danger serve as a model for us when we encounter challenges?

4. What are some modern-day "ambushes" that Christians might face, and how can we prepare for them?

5. How can we balance the awareness of spiritual threats with the assurance of God's protection in our lives?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Peter 5:8
This verse warns believers to be sober-minded and watchful because the devil prowls like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. It connects to the imagery of a lion in Psalm 17:12, highlighting the spiritual battle against evil forces.

Psalm 10:9
This verse also uses the imagery of a lion in ambush, describing the wicked who lie in wait to catch the helpless. It reinforces the theme of the wicked as predators.

Proverbs 28:15
This proverb compares a wicked ruler over poor people to a roaring lion, further illustrating the destructive power of evil leaders.
The Righteousness of God's DealingW. Forsyth Psalm 17:1-15
The Saint's Appeal from the Wrongs of Earth to the Righteous One on the ThroneC. Clemance Psalm 17:1-15
Confidence in GodC. Short Psalm 17:6-15
People
David, Psalmist, Saul
Places
Jerusalem
Topics
Ambush, Cover, Crouching, Desiring, Desirous, Dwelling, Eager, Greedy, Hiding, Hungry, Likeness, Lion, Lurking, Pieces, Places, Prey, Secret, Tear, Waiting
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Psalm 17:12

     4666   lion
     5342   hunting

Library
The Two Awakings
'I shall be satisfied, when I awake, with Thy likeness.' --PSALM xvii. 15. 'As a dream when one awaketh; so, O Lord, when Thou awakest, Thou shalt despise their image.'--PSALM lxxiii. 20. Both of these Psalms are occupied with that standing puzzle to Old Testament worthies--the good fortune of bad men, and the bad fortune of good ones. The former recounts the personal calamities of David, its author. The latter gives us the picture of the perplexity of Asaph its writer, when he 'saw the prosperity
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Hope of Future Bliss
In looking at this passage to-night, we shall notice first of all, the spirit of it; secondly, the matter of it; and then, thirdly, we shall close by speaking of the contrast which is implied in it. I. First, then, the SPIRIT OF THIS UTTERANCE, for I always love to look at the spirit in which a man writes, or the spirit in which he preaches; in fact, there is vastly more in that than in the words he uses. Now, what should you think is the spirit of these words? "As for me, I will behold thy face
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 1: 1855

Mysterious visits.
AN ADDRESS TO A LITTLE COMPANY AT THE COMMUNION TABLE AT MENTONE."Thou hast visited me in the night."--Psalm xvii. 3. MYSTERIOUS VISITS. IT is a theme for wonder that the glorious God should visit sinful man. "What is man, that Thou art mindful of him? and the son of man, that Thou visitest him?" A divine visit is a joy to be treasured whenever we are favoured with it. David speaks of it with great solemnity. The Psalmist was not content barely to speak of it; but he wrote it down in plain terms,
Charles Hadden Spurgeon—Till He Come

Out of the Deep of Fear and Anxiety.
My heart is disquieted within me. Tearfulness and trembling are come upon me, and an horrible dread hath overwhelmed me.--Ps. lv. 4. Thou hast proved and visited my heart in the night season--Ps. xvii. 3. Nevertheless though I am sometimes afraid, yet put I my trust in Thee.--Ps. lv. 3. The Lord is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear? The Lord is the strength of my life; of whom shall I be afraid?--Ps. xxvii. 1. I sought the Lord and He heard me and delivered me from all my fear.--Ps.
Charles Kingsley—Out of the Deep

His Journey to South Russia.
1853. The call which John Yeardley had received to visit the German colonies in South Russia, and which had lain for a long time dormant, now revived. A friend who had watched with regret his unsuccessful attempts on former journeys to enter that jealous country, and who augured from the political changes which had taken place that permission might probably now be obtained, brought the subject again under his notice. The admonition was timely and effectual. After carefully pondering the matter--with,
John Yeardley—Memoir and Diary of John Yeardley, Minister of the Gospel

My God Will Hear Me
"Therefore will the Lord wait, that He may be gracious unto you. Blessed are all they that wait for Him. He will be very gracious unto thee at the voice of thy cry; when He shall hear it, He will answer thee."--ISA. xxx. 18, 19. "The Lord will hear when I call upon Him."--PS. iv. 3. "I have called upon Thee, for Thou wilt hear me, O God!"--PS. xvii. 6. "I will look unto the Lord; I will wait for the God of my salvation: my God will hear me."--MIC. vii. 7. The power of prayer rests in the faith
Andrew Murray—The Ministry of Intercession

How a Desolate Man Ought to Commit Himself into the Hands of God
O Lord, Holy Father, be Thou blessed now and evermore; because as Thou wilt so it is done, and what Thou doest is good. Let Thy servant rejoice in Thee, not in himself, nor in any other; because Thou alone art the true joy, Thou art my hope and my crown, Thou art my joy and my honour, O Lord. What hath Thy servant, which he received not from Thee, even without merit of his own? Thine are all things which Thou hast given, and which Thou hast made. I am poor and in misery even from my youth up,(1)
Thomas A Kempis—Imitation of Christ

Twelfth Sunday after Trinity Gospel Transcends Law.
Text: 2 Corinthians 3, 4-11. 4 And such confidence have we through Christ to God-ward: 5 not that we are sufficient of ourselves, to account anything as from ourselves; but our sufficiency is from God; 6 who also made us sufficient as ministers of a new covenant; not of the letter, but of the spirit: for the letter killeth, but the spirit giveth life. 7 But if the ministration of death, written, and engraven on stones, came with glory, so that the children of Israel could not look stedfastly upon
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. III

Seasonable Counsel: Or, Advice to Sufferers.
BY JOHN BUNYAN. London: Printed for Benjamin Alsop, at the Angel and Bible in the Poultry, 1684. ADVERTISEMENT BY THE EDITOR. THIS valuable treatise was first published in a pocket volume in 1684, and has only been reprinted in Whitfield's edition of Bunyan's works, 2 vols. folio, 1767. No man could have been better qualified to give advice to sufferers for righteousness' sake, than John Bunyan: and this work is exclusively devoted to that object. Shut up in a noisome jail, under the iron hand of
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

An Exhortation to Love God
1. An exhortation. Let me earnestly persuade all who bear the name of Christians to become lovers of God. "O love the Lord, all ye his saints" (Psalm xxxi. 23). There are but few that love God: many give Him hypocritical kisses, but few love Him. It is not so easy to love God as most imagine. The affection of love is natural, but the grace is not. Men are by nature haters of God (Rom. i. 30). The wicked would flee from God; they would neither be under His rules, nor within His reach. They fear God,
Thomas Watson—A Divine Cordial

The Resemblance Between the Old Testament and the New.
1. Introduction, showing the necessity of proving the similarity of both dispensations in opposition to Servetus and the Anabaptists. 2. This similarity in general. Both covenants truly one, though differently administered. Three things in which they entirely agree. 3. First general similarity, or agreement--viz. that the Old Testament, equally with the New, extended its promises beyond the present life, and held out a sure hope of immortality. Reason for this resemblance. Objection answered. 4.
John Calvin—The Institutes of the Christian Religion

Second Sunday Before Lent
Text: Second Corinthians 11, 19-33; 12, 1-9. 19 For ye bear with the foolish gladly, being wise yourselves. 20 For ye bear with a man, if he bringeth you into bondage, if he devoureth you, if he taketh you captive, if he exalteth himself, if he smiteth you on the face. 21 I speak by way of disparagement, as though we had been weak. Yet whereinsoever any is bold (I speak in foolishness), I am bold also. 22 Are they Hebrews? so am I. Are they Israelites? so am I. Are they the seed of Abraham? so am
Martin Luther—Epistle Sermons, Vol. II

The Blessed Privilege of Seeing God Explained
They shall see God. Matthew 5:8 These words are linked to the former and they are a great incentive to heart-purity. The pure heart shall see the pure God. There is a double sight which the saints have of God. 1 In this life; that is, spiritually by the eye of faith. Faith sees God's glorious attributes in the glass of his Word. Faith beholds him showing forth himself through the lattice of his ordinances. Thus Moses saw him who was invisible (Hebrews 11:27). Believers see God's glory as it were
Thomas Watson—The Beatitudes: An Exposition of Matthew 5:1-12

Departure from Ireland. Death and Burial at Clairvaux.
[Sidenote: 1148, May (?)] 67. (30). Being asked once, in what place, if a choice were given him, he would prefer to spend his last day--for on this subject the brothers used to ask one another what place each would select for himself--he hesitated, and made no reply. But when they insisted, he said, "If I take my departure hence[821] I shall do so nowhere more gladly than whence I may rise together with our Apostle"[822]--he referred to St. Patrick; "but if it behoves me to make a pilgrimage, and
H. J. Lawlor—St. Bernard of Clairvaux's Life of St. Malachy of Armagh

Psalms
The piety of the Old Testament Church is reflected with more clearness and variety in the Psalter than in any other book of the Old Testament. It constitutes the response of the Church to the divine demands of prophecy, and, in a less degree, of law; or, rather, it expresses those emotions and aspirations of the universal heart which lie deeper than any formal demand. It is the speech of the soul face to face with God. Its words are as simple and unaffected as human words can be, for it is the genius
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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